| Along with the global warming, sea-level rise and interference and destruction by frequently human activity, coastal erosion is getting increasingly acute, and it has been regarded as one of the most serious coastal disasters. Therefore, coastal erosion has brought littoral countries to an attention.Fujian, which belongs to Caledonian fold belt, lies to the west of Taiwan strait, in the southeast of China. The coastline of Fujian is tortuous affected by structure, wave, tide and current. Headland-bay is the characteristic of coastline in Fujian with sand beach in it. Sand beach, which is affected greatly by natural factors and human activity, is sensitive to the ambience. Coastal erosion in Fujian will affect the development of economic directly. Therefore the change of sand beach is obvious. Thereby, being aware of coastal types and actuality of coastal erosion are making great sense on protection, exploiture and construction of coastline.This paper is supported by the project of the research on coastal erosion in Fujian. In order to know the status of coastal erosion in Fujian, data about coastal physiognomy, coastal style and status of coastal erosion are collected from north to the south along the coastline with is about 3 000km. Depending on the character of sand coast and research before, the sand coast of Fujian was divided into 110 sections. The area, status and characteristics of erosion was illuminated by visiting the foregone situation from the inhabitant near the sea and exploring the status of the coast directly. Based on the foregoing data, coastal style of erosion, length, eroding velocity and process of erosion are evaluated combining with the analysis of maps of different periods, historical information and oceanic circumstance. Monitoring section was disposed to observe and measure the location of coastline, landform of beach, characteristic of sediment in the investigate of important region. Then the cause and loss of coastal erosion are estimated.Affection of nature and mankind are the two main aspects to the causes of coastal erosion. Natural factors that affect the beaches are the followings: (1) eroding at a low velocity on account of global sea-level rise; (2) eroding intensely at a short time due to waves and tide caused by windstorm; (3) decrease of sand supply from land; (4) control of beach erosion by different types of seacoast. Artificial factors to the coastal erosion include: (1) continuing sand picking coastwise; (2) enlargement of sand pumping inshore; (3) blocking the transport of sand due to the construction of coastal engineering, and the seacoast will be eroded in other places for lacking of sand supply.Based on the research before, some measures are given depend on the different areas and different characteristics of sand beach to prevent the coast from eroding. Different quomodos are taken on coastal erosion in different areas, nothing should be done to the sand coast in Fuding because of the limit of economic and geographical conditions. The sand coast of Fuzhou, Quanzhou, Xiamen should be protected severely. Effection of human activity should be minimized in Zhangzhou to protect the sand beach. Different means can be used in different sections of the coast, More and more oceanographers recognized that the foreshore must be protected before we protect the coast,therefore, engineering means, biological means and artificial beach are applied on some important parts of coastline. Different means can be combined together to make effect the best. |
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