Controlling Synthesis And Assembly Of Functional Iron-based Compound Nanomaterials

In recent years, nanomaterials, especially the synthesis and performance study of functional nanomaterials have caused both wide attention and interests of scientific researchers and society because of their small sizes and particular morphologies for special properties which are obviously different from the bulk ones. Iron, as a transition element, has the most content just seconds to aluminum of the metal elements in nature. Its compounds, including the minerals and oxides, have very important applications in various areas. The nano-scaled iron-based compounds also have great application prospects in areas such as magnetic, drug delivery, separation science, gas adsorption, electronics, optics, catalysis, environment and energy storage, etc. Therefore, the synthesis, characterization and property study of iron-based nano-compounds is a hotspot at present. However, many synthetic methods of iron-based nano-compounds, especially the physical synthetic methods, usually require very expensive equipments and only have low productivities so that they are particularly inefficient compared with chemical methods. On the other hand, some chemical synthetic methods often just obtain particles of heterogeneously distributed sizes and impure morphologies and may involve the chemical reactions that are likely to produce toxic and harmful substances to the environment and our health. Thus, exploring simple, efficient and relatively environmentally friendly ways to synthesize special functional iron-based compound nanomaterials is of great significance, it is precondition of the following performances researching and developing. It plays a basic and decisive role. In this thesis, we set synthesis as main line, by choosing suitable raw materials, simply, efficiently and environmentally friendly synthesized various iron-based compound nanomaterials of special morphologies under certain conditions, and also studied the possible growing mechanisms and some performances. The main contents are as follows:1. We simply synthesized the low symmetric and novel dendritic crystalline ginite Fe5(PO4)4(OH)3·2H2O nanomaterial hydrothermally with using ferric nitrate as the iron source and also studied the influence of the reaction conditions to the samples. The dendritic ginite shows good biocompatibility and high selectivity for capturing the phosphorylated peptides.2. Through adding the ratio of ferric nitrate in the above experiment of synthesizing the novel dendritic crystal ginite, we got the mixture of ginite spindles and alpha-Fe2O3 hollow flat balls. Then we successfully separated the alpha-Fe2O3 hollow flat balls from the mixture by using the settling velocity difference between them in the dispersion medium containing glycerin and ethanol due to the difference of their particle size. In addition, by respectively using the influence of different salts to the hydrolysis of ferric nitrate, we synthesized various morphologies of Fe2O3 micro/nanomaterials.3. Without using any surfactants or templates, we use potassium ferricyanide as the iron source in the hybrid solvent of glycerin and water, successfully synthesized magnetic Fe3O4 nanospheres about 200 nm. Furthermore, we also successfully synthesized homogeneous Fe3O4 nanoparticles that are less than 20 nm by co-adding some carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) in the above system with just one step and investigated the possible mechanisms.