The Construction Of Air Quality Health Index In Lanzhou

Air pollution has become one of the main environmental problems which concerned by the community and public. In order to made public understand the released air pollution information intuitionally, and really guide inhabitants to travel healthy. It was important practical significance to construct the air comprehensive evaluation index which can reflect the relationship between air quality and health effects truly.This study collected the data of meteorological factors, air pollution, the respiratory system diseases and the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Lanzhou during 2001-2009. Carrying on the correlation analysis and principal component analysis, and using the time series analysis method of semi-parametric generalized additive model (GAM) construct the health exposure response relationship between air pollution and different diseases with different populations (total population, genders groups and age groups). Refer to the Canada’s method of constructing air quality health index in Lanzhou. Some valuable results are acquired as follows:(1) Using the correlation analysis and principal component analysis study the relationship between air pollution and different diseases. The results showed that, the respiratory diseases of different groups were affected by SO2 with positive effect largely except 16-64y, and 16-64y group was affected by PMio with negative effect largely. The respiratory diseases of different groups were affected by NO2 with negative effects. The negative effects of PM10 on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in different groups were larger than by SO2 and NO2.(2) The exposure response relationship between air pollution and human health showed that there were lag effects of air pollution on different diseases in different groups. Increases of 5.4%-8.0%,3.0%～6.6%and 1.0%-3.7% for respiratory diseases were associated with increase of an IQR in SO2 (lagO-7d), NO2 (lagO-7d) and PMio (Iag2-6d). With an increase of IQR, the relative risks of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were 0.972-1.012,0.977-1.020 and 1.005-1.014 with increase of an IQR in SO2 (lag1～7d), NO2 (lag0-5d) and PM10 (lagl-6d), and there were no significant.(3) According to the daily AQHL of respiratory diseases and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in different groups, the ratios of AQHLhx at low risk level, medium risk level, high risk level and heavy risk level days were 82.5%～84.9%,13.0%～15.1%,2.1%-2.4% and 0.0% for all groups respectively. The ratios of AQHI-xn at low risk level, medium risk level, high risk level and heavy risk level days were 81.9%-99.5%,0.4%-10.8%,0.1%-2.5% and 0.0% for all groups respectively.(4) Increases of 2.1%-31.0%,0.0%-0.1% and 0.0%-0.1% for all groups respiratory diseases hospitalization were associated with increase of an IQR in AQHI, AQI and API respectively. Increases of 2.1%～14.7%,0.0%～0.1% and 0.0%-0.1% for all groups cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases hospitalization were associated with increase of an IQR in AQHI, AQI and API respectively. And the effects of respiratory disease were stronger than that of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.In summary, there was a lag effect of air pollution on human health in Lanzhou, the ratio of AQHI at low risk level days was higher than others during the study period in different diseases and groups. Compared with the AQI and API, AQHI can reflect air quality comprehensively and guide inhabitants to travel healthy.