Study On The Variation Of The Value Of Ecosystem Service In Liao River Conservation Areas

Due to the fast development, large number of economic construction, and frequent human activities, the Liao River- the Liaoning people’s mother river, has been seriously damaged in the aspect of structure and function of ecosystem, especially in riparian vegetation soil and water conservation, water conservation, the maintenance of biodiversity and watershed purification ecological function damaged. Thus the establishment of “Protected areas” in the Liao River is at the root of solving those problems, so that the influence of human activities on Liao river bank can be controlled and managed, the Liao river ecosystem, can be protected, the condition of water quality can be improved, and ecological service function can be gradually recovered, all those aspects are important means and necessary measures to govern the Liao River.Liao River is located in the old industrial area, the pollution there is serious. In order to make a change, the nation’s first protected area is established which include delineation of the boundaries of Liao River Protected Areas, the implementation of integrated management. The implementation of the sewage interception, river restoration, ecological compensation, vegetation restoration has put to reality. In order to evaluate the effect of the establishment of Liao River Protected areas, through the interpretation of remote sensing image, data collection, field investigation and questionnaire method, this essay focus on the analysis of land use change in Liao River protection area, calculates the evaluation based on the protected area ecosystem service value, to verify the effectiveness of the implementation of the policy of protection zone. The conclusion is as follows:(1) The establishment of river ecosystem service value assessment systemIn order to highlight the characteristics of river ecosystem services, improve Costanza and what Xie Gaodi listed the several types of ecosystem service for obtaining a set of normalized structure factors. The value assessment system of river ecosystem service has been initially established, and the accounting method of 13 items of service function value has been established.(2) The land use changed in riverThe serious situation of occupying Liao riverway has been greatly improved. Before 2009, the riverway of Liao River, except for the river channel, most of which is planted with crops, while the main income of most farmers is planting, and a small part of the village farmland mainly distributed around the dam, which results in reducing the diversity of an ecosystem, increasing soil erosion and non-point source pollution.In the past 5 years, great improvement through the management regulation of this kind of situation has been made. According to the remote sensing image interpretation showed in 2013, the situation of occupying Liao river channel has basically redused. Farm land in river channel has been redused from 770.5 km2 to 465.1km2, an outstanding reduction of 305.43km2. The natural vegetation covered river tidal flat wetland area is correspondingly increased, 2009 wetland area is 419.1 km2, in 2013 it has increased to 740.1 km2, a rise of 320.96 km2 compared to 2009, 22.42% to 39.84% in percentage. The effect of conservation area is remarkable.(3) The change of ecosystem service value of Liao River conserveation areaVia image interpretion, data collection, field investigation and questionnaire method solution by remote sensing image of Liao reserve, the ecosystem service value estimates that in 2009 the value of ecosystem services is 69.362 billion RMB, 84.499 billion RMB in 2013, an increase of 15.137 billion RMB, a growth rate of 21.82%.Improve the situation of water pollution, and enhance river purification function. Before 2009, because of the severe situation of the artificial river was more prominent phenomenon, wetland and wetland vegetation in river reduced, river water retention time is reduced, so that the river purification function affected. At the same time, the use rate of various streams of high pollution increased. River et is relatively large. The two phenomena coexist causing the entire river pollution is serious. In 2013, wetland and wetland vegetation in River greatly increased, so that enhanced the purification function of river, the function value of ecosystem services increased from 1.380 billion RMB in 2009 to 2.177 billion RMB in 2013.Flood detention capacity improved. The natural vegetation area is in the channel increased, which results that the water residence time become more sufficient, river flood, flood detention capacity upgraded, and flood regulating ecosystem services value increased from 7.023 billion RMB in 2009 to 125.590 billion RMB in 2013. On one hand, this decreases the downstream flood control pressure, on the other hand, it also makes valuable water resources are fully utilized.All these aspects prove that the policies of a series of protective measures in recent years taken in the Liao River conservation area are correct, feasible, and has obtained certain effect.