Plant Straw Enzymatic Degradation Study Of Optimal Conditions Of Production Of Glucose

With the development of science and technology and the improvement of people's living standard, we have to encounter more and more severe problems of foodstuff and environment. Only depending on the limited tilth will hardly meet the demands of the increasing population. The exploitation and research of the new energy sources have been the focus of every country in the world. Cellulose resources are the most abundant and cheapest reproducible resources. Cellulose can be hydrolyzed to produce the glucose which can provide energy for people. Furthermore, the glucose can be produced into many chemical materials such as ethanol, methanol and so on. In addition, the condition of hydrolyzation reaction is suavity and without pollution. Now, many countries have started to research the exploitation of the cellulose. As a big agriculture country, we are rich in cellulose resources. But usually those resources are set on fire and can't be made full use of. It is not only a waste of energy, but also results in environment pollution. Therefore, the research of hydrolyzing cellulose resources using enzyme have realistic significance and wide prospect.In this paper, the power-time curves of the reaction were drawn by the 2277-Thermal Activity Monitor. So, the thermal efficiencies were abtained. A according to the thermokinetics theory, the related parameters were calculated. Some important conclusions were also obtained. The main contents are as follows:1. the study on the effect of raw material to enzymatic hydrolyzation reactionUsing the microcalorimetry, the thermal efficiencies (Q_max) of the enzymatic hydrolyzation reaction which were done under different raw material were obtained. Using thermokinetic theory, the Michaelis constants (K_m) were calculated. As a result, the effects of the raw material were obvious. There is the best effect when the corn straw was hydrolyzated by cellulase.2. the study on the optimal pretreatment conditions of wheat strawThe thermal efficiencies (Qmax) of enzymatic hydrolyzation reaction with wheat straw which have been treated with different means were obtained by microcalorimetry. Using thermokinetic theory, the Michaelis constants (Km) were obtained. By comparing and analysing, the wheat straw which have been treated with 4% sodium hydroxide had the best hydrolyzation effect.3. the study on the optimal conditions of which the wheat straw was degraded by cellulaseThe thermal efficiencies (Qmax) of wheat straw degradation by cellulase at different consistence of raw material, different acidity and different temperature were determined by microcalorimetry. Using thermokinetic theory, the Michaelis constants (Km) were obtained. The optimal consistence of raw material(C=6g/L), optimal temperature (T=328K) and optimal acidity (pH=5.0) were obtained.4. the study on the inhibition and activation of anion and cation to cellulaseThe thermal efficiencies (Qmax) of enzymolysises of wheat straw which were reacted without ions or with the existence of anion and cation were determined by microcalorimetry. The Michaelis constants (Km) were obtained. By comparing, the differences of inhibition or activation of the different ion and the same ion of different concentrations to degradation of wheat straw by cellulase were obtained. Therefore, the active metal ion (Cu2+) to enzymolysis and the changing tendency alone with the concentrations of the effect (the activation increases when concentration increases from 0 to 20 mmol/L) were obtained. It was obviously that some anions also had active effect, such as SO32', Cl" and PO43'. But there was the visible inhibition effect to the cellulase with the vitriol.5. production analysisThe qualitative and quantitative analysises about the production of degradation of wheat straw by cellulase were done by Fehling reaction, thin layer chromatography and DNS method. By calculating the productivity (30.77%) of degradation of wheat straw by cellulase was obtained.The innovation of this paper:The use of microcalorimetry in this paper is a new studying tool which can accurately and continuously measure the heat changing with the degradation reation of cellulase. At the same time, the reaction process can be seen and plenty of information is obtained. It is a new way to study cellulose degradation by cellulase.On the other hand, there is no restriction on the property of the solvent, spectrum, electrochemistry of the reactive system and no reagent needs adding during the determination. The studied system will not be destroyed after the heat determination is finished. In addition it can provide not only the thermodynamic data but also the kinetic information. Therefore microcalorimetry is more convenient and dependable than other methods.