Intumescent Flame Retardant Synthetic Applications

The composite materials are widely used nowadays and their safeties are much more concerned. At the same time the needs of flame retarded materials and flame retardant grows rapidly. Though the classical halide fire retarding agents have good performance, most of them give out heavy smoke and poisonous gas when burning. The flame retardant is developing toward high effective, halogen free and light smoke in the future.The intumescent flame retardant is composed by acid source, carbon source and gas source. When the flame retarded materials composed by these compounds are burned, the intumescent layer can insulate thermal, inhibit smoke and prevent producing molten drop, so the flame retarding performance is high.In this paper, melamine polyphosphate (MPP), melamine borate (MB), melamine diborate (MDB) and bis (2.6.7-trioxa-l-phoshabicyclo[2.2.2]-octane-4-methanol) phosphate(Melabis) were prepared in solvent. The effect of reaction temperature, time, solvent and material ratio on each reaction was discussed. The content of H3BO3 in melamine borate and P in melamine polyphosphate was analyzed. The compounds were then analyzed by IR and TGA-DTA spectra both solid-state ¹³C NMR.Melamine borate, melamine diborate, melamine polyphosphate have been successfully applied in practical production. Most of them, to select optimum equipment are the key to produce melamine pyrophosphate. The scaling effect on their quality and yield is little.The implemental experiments were studied when those compounds are used in material such as Nylon 66, PP. The result shows that MPP and MB are indeed excellent flame retardants.