Tubular Synthesis And Adsorption Properties Of Polyaniline

Polyaniline/Sulphosalicylic Acid (PANS) nanotubes and nanofibers which are formed by doping 5-sulphosalicylic acid(SSA) into aniline(An), neodymium oxide(Nd₂O₃) and Polyaniline/Nd₂O₃ composite nanomaterial are successfully synthesized by a method of template.In addition,PANS nanotubes are used to adsorb heavy metal ions. The morphologies of these products are observed by SEM and TEM pictures. The structures of the products are characterrized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), FT-IR spectrometry, NMR spectrometry and UV-vis. The electrical, magnetics, and calorifics performance of some products are respectively discussed by using TG, four-probe conductivity meter and magnetometer.1. Factors of influence PANS'morphologies such as different doping ratio of SSA and An, concentration of An, reaction temperatures, pH value of solution, kinds of additive surfactants, reaction time, molar ratio of initiator and An have been studied under two temperatures at 25℃and 0℃,respectively.TEM pictures show that the product are mainly tube-like with outer diameter between 150-250nm,inner diameter between 20-80nm,and length of 1-2um.Simultaneously, few of fiber-like and sphere-like products are also found by TEM. FTIR, UV-vis, XRD and NMR results indicate PAN nanotubes doped with SSA are successfully synthesized.Condutivity meter result shows the products have good conductivitys which are affected by morphologies and structures of the products.2.Five kinds of PANS nanotubes and nanospheres synthesized under different conditions are used to adsorb hydrargyrum ions(Hg²⁺) and cuprum inos(Cu²⁺). Furthermore, the adsorption thermodynamics, adsorption kinetics and the influence factors on adsorption such as the doses of adsorbent, pH value of solution, and ultrasonic irradiation time are discussed. N₂ adsorption meter results show that the mass of adsorption by PANS grows with the increasment of the adsorbents'pore size and specific surface area. FTIR,UV-vis,XRD results indicate that Hg²⁺ and Cu²⁺ are successfully adsorbed by PANS. The adsorption process contains physical and chemical adsortpion. TG and four-probe conductivity meter results show that the thermostability and conductivity of PANS have increased.3. Nd₂O₃ nanorods have been synthesized by using surfactant as template. Influence factors on the morphologies of products such as kinds of surfactants, concentrations of surfactants, reaction temperatures, and reaction time have been studied. TEM pictures show that the synthesized Nd₂O₃ particles are nanorods with width of 20-40nm and length of 100-200nm. PAN/Nd₂O₃ composite nanotubes and nanospheres are prepared by mixed Nd₂O₃ nanorods with An under various circumstances. FTIR, NMR spectrometry ,EDS and XRD results indicate that Nd₂O₃ nanorods and PAN/Nd₂O₃ composite materials have been prepared successfully. Magnetometer results show that Nd₂O₃ nanorods have no ferromagnetism but paramagnetism and four-probe conductivity meter results show the conductivity of PAN/Nd₂O₃ composite materials increased compared with PAN monomer's ,decreased compared with PANS monomer's,and it is susceptible by different preparing conditions. During the process of preparing PAN, concentrations of additive Nd3+ affect the products'conductivities.