Shaanxi Qinling-bashan Mountainous Ecological Compensation Study

The contradictions between the economic development and the ecological protection are universal. No matter in developed or developing economy, the contradictions is always be intensified. In order to coordinate the relations between them, many of the countries in the world adopt the ecological compensation. In recent years, China also begin to make use of the method to alleviate the contradictions between them. It can be said that the effective implementation of ecological compensation and sound ecological construction is the common theme of humanity for the people in the 21st century, and at the same time, it's also the basics that China realizes the sustainable development.Shannan Qinba Mountain area is the important water conservation, the economic development lag behind for the natural and historical reasons. The area adopt the policy of returning land for farming forestry and closing the polluting enterprise to protect the water quality, which is to some extent, the area lost many economic development opportunities, and then highlight the contradictions between the economic development and the ecological protection, so it is urgent to put the ecological compensation into effect. The study summarizes the ecological compensation development from macro aspect, theoretical basis and practice research about the ecological compensation. Take the South-to-North water diversion project as background, the paper make use of the theory of cross contamination and logistic growth curve to interpret the mechanism of ecological compensation, and combined with the qualities and quantities analysis to show that, on the premises of the maximization of social welfare, Shannan Qinba mountain area should put more effort into the ecological compensation, and also get the result that the basic compensation is the base of the ecological compensation, the ajustment of industrial structure is the key to ensure the success of the ecological compensation, at last the aritical get the result: Based on the objective analysis of ecological compensation of Shannon Qinba Mountain area, the study analyses the problems that exists in the implementation of eco-compensation, and raised the recommendations correspond with the problems:First, for the specific circumstances of Qinba Mountains in southern Shaanxi, estimates the specific amount of compensation, that means to estimates the opportunity cost, and then improve the compensation standard;Second, extend the grant period in accordance with ecological laws and the specific natural environment in southern Shaanxi;Third, take the country's implementation of the policy of compensation as an opportunity to response the interests need of ecological protection .Fourth, the recommendations about the eco-compensation between the two regions, for example, it can adopt the mode of water transaction, the mechanism of the assessments of watershed basin ecological value assessment and the democratic consultation mechanism on watershed to strengthen regional exchanges and cooperation, also improve the regional development.Last, it can also adopt the method of industrial structure adjustment to avoid the serious pollution industry, vigorously develop the industry that suit with compensation policy, such as the tourism, food industry, pharmaceutical industry and so on, so as to obtain a win-win goal of economic development and the maintenance of a sound ecological environment, but also in response to the country's ecological compensation policy.