Government A Leading Role In The Ecological Compensation

Ecological compensation is a hot thematic in ecological economics at present . The definitionsrelating to ecologic compensation are various , but a few were accepted commonly. This paper present anew definition based on related references and authors'experiences. The paper deemed that ecologicalcompensation include two folds of connotation. One is compensation for natural ecosystem , which is toreestablish damaged ecosystem and eliminate environmental pollution , such as forestation in eroded area ,purification of polluted river , etc. Another is compensation for human being , which is to provide subsidiesor penalty for people's behavior protecting or destructing environment , such as provision of subsidies forfarmer's turning farmland into woodland or grassland , imposing taxes for polluting environment , etc.Many countries especially in developed world had implemented the measures in order to realize sustainabledevelopment . Ecological compensation practice in China began in the early 1980's. It can be divided intotwo stages during the last twenty years , which were beginning stage since the beginning of 1980's to theend of 1990's and developing stage from the end of 1990's. During the beginning stage ecologicalcompensation measure only was implemented in mining and natural forest protection in part of China. Itwas extended into ecological protection project , renewable energy exploitation in rural China , farmlandprotection , water resources conservation during developing stage and the fund investment was alsoincreased greatly. Our country from the current practice of ecological compensation, China's ecological compensation mechanism with the construction of a clear government-led. Government construction of an ecological compensation mechanism has played a promoting the implementation of the policy and financial support for the important role of improving the ecological compensation mechanism are the leading force in running. But there are still a lot of questions to be addressed and perfect witch. From abroad at the Government's eco-compensation mechanism construction and operation of the foundation on experience, combined with our government operating mechanisms and ecological compensation mechanism of the realities, the Government further exert an ecological compensation mechanism at the leading role in several suggestions.