| Stem cells are characterized by their abilities of self-renewal and multipotent differentiation into various lineages of tissue cells. For decades intensive attentions have been paid to hematopoietic stem cells of bone marrow that have been achived great progresses. In recent years, the concept of stem cells has been dramatically widened by the demoyistration of their plasticities. For example, cells originated from muscles can reconstitute hematopoiesis. Also, a special population of non-hematopoietic stromal cells in bone marrow is identified the progenitors of mesoderm-derived tissue cells. These undifferentiated bone marrow mesenchymal cells originated from embryonic mesoderm have been successfully cultured in vitro. It is confirmed that under proper culture condition, such as in the presence of the cocktail of growth factors as well as chemical substances, these cells can be induced to terminally differentiate into at least seven types of cells--osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, tendocytes, myoblasts, astrocytes/nurons and marrow stromal cells. Therefor this compartment of cells is currently referred to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Cell therapy can be considered as a strategy aimed at replacing, repairing, or enhancing the biological function of a damaged tissue or system by means of autologous or allogeneic cells. Many aged people suffer from degenerative disease, such as Alzheimer's Disease and osteoporosis of which the optimal clinic treatment has not achieved to date. If possible, cell therapy may be the best way to cure this kind of disease. Wound healing delay often occurs when the wounded tissue defect do not have enough tissue cells to heal, as shown in large-scale burn and smash bone fracture. To promoting the healing of these severe injuries the effective treatment commonly exploit the products of tissue engineering, For tissue engineering the seed cells to be integrated with biomaterial is the most important element. Because of its pluripotent differentiation into many connective tissue cells, MSCs are one of the most competent candidates. With the development of molecular biology, the mechani~ms of cell growth vs differentiation as well as injury vs wound healing are well characterized which lay a foundation for gene therapy. Strategies to repair some injuries have focused on delivery of some cytokines or progenitor cells to the area of damage. More recently, with the development of gene transfering techniques, MSCs have become the target of in vivo gene therapy, which involves direct injection of viral and nonviral vectors carrying aim genes. Furthermore, they are viewed as potential carriers of the aim genes for ex vivo gene therapy, in which the gene transfer is done in vitro with culture-expanded cells that then are implanted or injected. The pluripotent MSCs are a potential source of repairing cells for the trauma of bone, cartilage, muscle as well as hematopoietic stem cells that provide the ability of hematopoiesis for bone marrow. Utility of MSCs will offer a new healing approach of trauma. MSCs can be induced to differentiate into myoblasts in vitro, but it is unclear if autogeneous bone marrow rnesenchymal stem cells participate in the repairing and regeneration of traumatic muscles or not. This experiment is part of the work concerning the application of MSCs to improve wound healing. The purpose of this research is to establish a culture system of murine bone marrow MSCs in vitro and investigate the distribution of transplanted... |
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