Wear Long Yam Micro-morphological Characteristics Of The Biological Diversity Of Rapd Analysis

Dioscorea nipponica Makino is the rhizome of Dioscorea nipponica Makino, which is not only a common Chinese drug but also a genuine drug in Heilongjiang. This research use optic microscope and scanning electron microscope to study the micro characteristics about anatomic and palynology morphous of Dioscorea nipponica Makino. To analyze samples from different habitats and to identify Chinese traditional medicine Dioscorea nipponica Makino and its counterfeits. Different samples from different habitats were analyzed by RAPD. This is advantageous for the breeding worker to understand the breeding material's heredity background, Moreover is advantageous to eliminate certain breeding materials in growth early screening. Thus we can found a shortcut that can enhance choice efficiency and accelerate breeding advancement in the molecular level. We can provide advanced distinction method and the scientific research material for traditional medicine Dioscorea nipponica Makino and its counterfeits.The results are as follows:1. Report micro characteristic of Dioscorea nipponica fruit, seed systematically: exocarp and mesocarp include the oil cell; There are considerable calcium oxalate raphides in mesocarp;9 vascular bundles ,the keel'vascular bundles are ectophloic ,the center vascular bundle of fruits are biocollateral; The fruit has three edges, each edge has two seeds .Endosperm cells contains aleurone grain.2. The results of leaf's scanning electricity mirror: the most of veins enation, more nonglandular hair exists on the vein than on the blade. nonglandular hair is composed by 2～5 cells.lower epidermis cell wall is waveform ,the type of stoma is anomocytic, crevice is fusiform.3. Through observing and analysising the shape of pollen , the pollen is the single grain,the shape is depressed globose. The pollen size is the medium rank pit canal is located in the equatorial plane, ascon, the depth of pit canal is about 10μm, and the surface has the netted grain. These characteristics may provide the basis for Dioscorea nipponica's crude drugs appraisal and can be seen as one of the grounds in plants classification.4. Seven random primers of high stable quality were screened From 50 primers. We establish the best RAPD reaction system.The cluster analysis results of 62 amplified DNA fragments were indicated.54 were polymorphic,polymorphism rate is 92.17% ,The data of amplified bands were analyzed by the software NTSYS .The cluster map including all samples were obtained by UPGMA. The populations of Dioscorea nipponica Makino display genetic diversity. 9 materials similarity modules scope is 0.655～0.875.There are intraspecific variances in Dioscorea nipponica Makino. 7 populations can be divided 3 groups. The genetic distance between Dioscorea nipponica Makino and Dioscorea opopsita Thunb is nearer than genetic distance between Dioscorea nipponica Makino and Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright. Apply s75, s313 can effectively identify Dioscorea nipponica Makino, Dioscorea opopsita Thunb and Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright.