Analogical Reasoning Based Multi-component Latent Trait Models Of College Students Verbal Cognitive Diagnostic Studies

The last century was the era of the Classical Test Theory, but the assumptions, score interpretation and the external validity of the Classical Test Theory still has irreparable defects. The focus of people is not only on the test results and scores, but also the Assessment and Development which is the real ultimate goal of the psychological test. With the development of the cognitive psychology and psychological test, people began to have the ability to measure the psychological processes and characteristics by the psychological tests with the diagnosis and prediction function. And the theoretical basis of these tests is no longer a set of the Classical Test Theory system, replaced by the Cognitive Diagnostic Theory, which is known as the New Generation of Test Theory.This study used the thought and principle of the Cognitive Diagnostic Theory to carry out the diagnosis research on verbal analogical reasoning. The research was basing on the characteristics of psychological processing of the verbal analogical reasoning, selecting multi-component latent trait model which was based on the item response theory as the mathematical theory foundation of diagnostic test. The test items was chose from the verbal analogies subtest of the most common ability test in domestic, which was named Administrative Aptitude Test. This cognitive diagnostic test was based on the original project, using the verbal report methods to analyze the processing subcomponents of the verbal analogical reasoning, then designing the verbal analogical reasoning subcomponents test, and this was the completion of the diagnostic test tools. Finally, parts of Shanghai Normal University undergraduate students were selected as the diagnostic sample.The final effect of the study was divided into two aspects. Firstly, to judge the validity of this diagnostic tool, the results showed that, the participants'verbal analogical reasoning abilities which were calculated by the way of the multi-component latent trait model expressed a superior goodness of fit with the original results through the regression equation (p<0.001, R2>0.7). The diagnostic tools could play the prediction effect correctly and basically. Secondly, the study supplied the participants with the diagnostic reports and improved methods of the group and individual editions. Those who successfully completed the verbal analogical reasoning might have different process. Similarly, the failure ones had different deep mental reasons. Meanwhile, the parameters of the items showed that the verbal analogical reasoning subtests of the administrative aptitude test had a low difficulty, and didn't have good discrimination with every item. In the Administrative Aptitude Test, the words which appeared in our daily life were commonly used, and it focused on assessing the reasoning of the relationship between words, but not the analogical abilities. This is the parts which can be improved in the future.