The Late Qing The Diehards Cultural Thinking Research

The Bourbon group is the most conservative of the conventional scholar-bureaucrat group in Chinese Modern History.They are sentimentally attached to the ancient times,keeping to orthodox ideas,fighting against social reforms and offences to traditional culture.At the same time,they also show deep worry and concern to the future of the nation,with strong crisis sense in the transpositional situation of late Qing Dynasty.Focusing on the study of the Bourbon group of late Qing Dynasty from 1960s to the year 1901 in time,this thesis reveals the general picture and essence of their thoughts through discussing their behaviors in the debates with the westernization group and the modernization group; and points out their thoughts suffer a process from "excluding the western"to "Chinese Principle and Western Utility" With a developping insight,yet their positions that insist on the ancestor's set rules are consecutive;Furthermore it analyzes that the source of their thoughts can be ascended to the oppositions to foreigners of orthodox scholar-bureaucrat in the Ming-Qing Transition and the formation of their thoughts is not only because of profound foundation of Chinese civilization,but also because of the degree of their acquiring the west knowledge and their particular conservative mind; Their doings leave the progress of Chinese modern culture stave,though they can not stop the forward step of modernization.Objectively ,the thoughts of the group have its significance in developping Chinese modern culture from surface to depth.This thesis chooses the thoughts of Bourbon group which have ofen been ignored in the academia as the research topic,illuminates the particularity of their thoughts and the historical influence by using comparative analysis and some theories and means such as sociology ,psychology and anthropology in the extensive background in which western culture and eastern culture conflict and converge,expecting to assist us more objectively in understanding the relationship between Chinese culture and the west as well as Chinese Modernization from the innovative perspective of history studying and providing beneficial inspiration for our contemporary cultural construction.