| More than 70 years ago, Wang Guowei, a master of national literature, jumped into Kun Ming Lake to committed suicide unexpectedly. This is an eternal mystery. Just the mystery caused this thesis. The researchers of later ages made lots of hypotheses to solve the eternal mystery. Among those hypotheses, three hypotheses have the widest influence. But regrettably, there is no person researches it from personality. Though a famous scholar overseas, Ye Jiaying raised it in her book named "Wang Guowei and his literary criticism", but she did not continue to go down along this route. Her research thought that "regard Wang Guowei's heart as heart, go on the exploration of restoring" enlightens me very much. We think it is a better way to choose "personality" as the breakthrough point to enter the inner world of Wang Guowei. Perhaps this way can reach the goal of "regard Wang Guowei's heart as heart; go on the exploration of restoring". Even more, it will offer a fresh visual field for the mystery that Wang Guowei drowned himself."Personality" is an academic terminology of psychology. Based on psychology, "cultural personality" has intensions of ethics and aesthetics. The latter not only includes one's qualities and nature but also includes one's ethical idea, mental realm and ideal of philosophy and aesthetics. As to scholar, his life road, research road and the relation between them embody the formation and development of his cultural personality. This thesis, which based on the analysis of Wang Guowei's nature and the discussion of his emotion world, is trying to provide a foundation of psychology and enough perceptual knowledge. The knowledge structure with Chinese and the Western knowledge provides Wang Guowei's cultural personality a distinct modern character. This modern character displays on academy as a persistent pursuit for modern academy; reflected on his life road as a persistent pursuit for a modern aesthetic life. The former was shown in the argument of academic independence with "the use of uselessness" as its center. The deep character of the former is that when Wang Guowei emphasized the modern academic argument aiming only to truth with priority of value as its principle, it combined with the value relating to universe, human lives and the human eternal use but not went along the way to academy in the pure western meaning. The latter was shownduring the course he indulging in pursuing about the modern Western philosophy, especially irrational philosophy and aesthetic modernity. Although academy can "be believed" but not be "lovely". Wang Guowei transferred to aesthetics to seek the consolation in life. The result of the transferring was to set foot on the way aesthetic modernity was pursued. This is the thought foundation of Wang Guowei's cultural personality. I will make an emphasis about the development of the personality mode of Chinese traditional intellectual persons and the contradiction inside first. Then taking the former emphases as foundation, I will analyze aesthetic personality and academic personality in Wang Guowei's cultural personality and the depth his personality theory reached. The so-called academic personality is mainly shown as two respects of scholars' independence and the independence of academic method. These two are inevitable requirements for scholars of academic independence. The former meaning scholars' identity independence and personality independence is "identity consciousness" and "independent consciousness of personality" in modern meaning. The latter emphasizes the rules operated in the academic research; it strives for avoiding the influence of "artificial law". Wang Guowei's aesthetic personality is filled with contradictions and conflicts could not be evaded; it shown as deep double-anxiety. The double-anxiety is that though he moved along the way aesthetic modernity pursued because of "lovely" pursuit, he couldn't forget the twining of reason and because of the rational requirement of lovely, he doubted deeply about the way of aesthetic modernity, thus fell into greater spirit distress. While Wang Guowei molded his cultural personality himself, he built a systematized, deep personality theory with cultural intension. In fact, it is a theory of summary about the cultural personality he built. Because of questions and answers to the basic issue of the universe and human lives, human's tragic existences and individual's painful but brave assuming for tragic fate formed the supreme realm of personality. This supreme realm is the incisive part of Wang Guowei's personality theory. In this way, he brought standard on real personality up to the aspect of philosophy. If one says that Wang Guowei's personality theory had already surpassed the traditional personality standard, the surpassing point is here.Wang Guowei's cultural personality is a complicated mixture filled with contradictions and conflicts cannot be escaped. This is a typical modern puzzle. The puzzle had been put into the paradox structure with two opposite modern modernity schemes of one origin in modern culture itself.Though Wang Guowei "drift from place to place" during his life, it can't clear up his soul's perseverance with " perfection in the human world" .This shows no difference with the way aesthetic modernity establishing ontological position for aesthetic judgment in modern ideological system. Once he appealed the salvation of pessimism in human life and universe to a perceptual, aesthetic latitude and regarded it as the only land of free, —which meant that a kind of separation aesthetic separating from modern knowledge structure and a kind of strength aesthetic criticizing and challenging the things except perceptual existence, his partiality was very clear. It seems that Wang Guowei had realized the eternal predicament of aesthetic modernity; therefore he did not go down along the way of the aesthetic doctrine of Nietzsche. Once he went down, perhaps he could get temporary free, but after that he will face a heavier abyss - -abyss of nihility; even he could get back to the original way and seek the believable reason, the perceptual world would suffer from agony. To enter would be the abyss of the nihility, to retreat would also be the boundless sea of bitterness; the tragic result of his life could not be avoided. This is the largest contradiction in his cultural personality; it offers inspiration to us and makes us think many. |
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