Hunan Dialect Features Of Word Study

According to the current researches on the vocabulary of Xiang(the abbreviated name of Hunan province) dialect, there are not many thesis on the comparisons of the phrases and expressions of Xiang dialect , let alone the comparison between Xiang dialect and other Chinese dialects. That is why it is of the necessity and importance to do the research on the two kinds of comparison mentioned above.Under the guideline of Mr. Rulong Li's ' the theory of characteristic phrases of dialects', I also made some supplements to it After making a list with 1136 so called characteristic phrases of Xiang dialect, I collected the phrases currently used in the eight spots among the three parts of Xiang dialect and checked them with the list. Then, these phrases are classified into two tiers: in the first tier, there are the 208 unique phrases in Xiang dialect itself; the second includes the characteristic phrases shared between Xiang dialect and other dialects, 163 phrases in all. Two tiers can further be classified into the two classes, first class which has 82 characteristic phrases and second class which has 126.In this thesis, the characteristic phrases of Xiang dialect are discussed in both synchronic and diachronic terms. In synchronic term, the characteristic phrases are discussed from the aspect of properties of the words, the structures of the sound and the kinds of the meaning the words belong to respectively. On the other hand, in diachronic term, the characteristic phrases are classified into the inherited words, changed words and new words. More over, I also try to find out the relations between the phrases of Xiang dialect and those in other dialects after research on comparing the characteristic phrases and other dialectal phrases in other Chinese dialects. Finally I find out that it is the most close relationship for the Xiang dialect with the official dialect and Gan(the abbreviated name of Jiangxi Province) dialect, especially with the southwest dialectal part of the official dialectThere are mainly three parts of this thesis: 1. Introduction, which there are five parts— the summary of the researches, which are in the past two decades, on the comparison of the dialectal characteristic phrases, the theories of the dialectal characteristic phrases, the summary of the Xiang dialect research up until now, the method of research I will use in this thesis and the list of the characteristic phrases of Xiang dialect I made in the first place. 2. The characteristic phrases ofXiang dialect, which also includes five parts-----the characteristic phrases in the places whereXiang dialect are spoken, the characteristic phrases shared in different dialectal parts, the synthesized research on the characteristic phrases in the synchronic term, the synthesized research on the characteristic phrases in the diachronic term and the discussion about the character of the Xiang dialectal words. 3. The relation between Xiang dialect and other dialects in terms of the characteristic phrases. In this part, the relation between Xiang dialect and other major Chinese dialects is firstly discussed. The other relation which is discussed is between Xiang dialect and other northern official dialects.