"confucius", "order" To Study,

Confucius Ana or Ana,is a very important material to study Confucius and the early Confucianism.However,since the Song dynasty, the learners in all ages have disputed a lot about its reliability.Because the preface called Three Prefaces' of Confucius Ana has recorded the assembled historical records and early history,it becomes one of the focuses on ana studies.Anyone who wants to study Confucius Ana has to start with 'Three Prefaces'.The 'Three Prefaces' of Confucius Ana is divided according to different tones:the part which contains assembled historical records and materials sorted by Kong An'guo is called "Kong An'guo's Preface", named after Kong An'guo;the part which records the lineage from Confucius to Kong An'guo and memorial in Ana made by Kong Yan--Kong An'guo's grandson was called "Late-Kong An'guo's Preface", because its writer worked later than Kong An'guo;the part which records how Wang Su got Ana and why he made notes for it is called "Wang Su's Preface",named after Wang Su.Problems of studying the Three Prefaces lie in the editions.On the one hand,since the Ming and Qing dynasties,Ana had been regarded as pseudograph and got few editions and its printings were also of poor quality;on the other hand,reading difficulties were caused for learners because of differentiation among different editions of 'Three Prefaces' of Confucius Ana.Comparing some representative editions of Three Prefaces,we can find that edition evolution is in correspondence with the laws of the objective world of ancient books,and has completely different property from man-made pseudograph.Thus any argumentation which is put forward to doubt the Three Prefaces based on the simple comparisons and survey of editions.All in all,comparisons between different editions of the Three Prefaces provide internal evidence for studies on the 'Three Prefaces' of Confucius Ana of reliability and value.However,learners,who distinguish pseudograph,often pay none attention to the objective laws during the process of copying these ancient books.They exaggerate studies value of ancient books' copies and errors and make it foundation to study the ages of ancient literatures forming as well as its reliability.Fan Jiajiang is one of the representatives who apply this method to studies on the 'Three Prefaces' of Confucius Ana.After the re-analysis of research results made by Fan-like learners,we can find that these arguing processes are full of preconception and sophistication,and the conclusions resulted from this kind of logical reasoning.Thus it provides external evidence for studies on the 'Three Prefaces' of Confucius Ana of reliability and value.By analyzing the mentioned internal and external evidences and circumstantial evidences formed by relevant literature and records,we gradually get close to the crux why some people doubt about the 'Three Prefaces' of Confucius Ana.As for the arguments on pseudograph with preconception and unscientific study methods with this thought,it is caused by Chinese scholarly background itself.Since Wang Bai's openly suspicion about Ana and pseudograph,the later learners have swarmed after or been adrift it.Voice against it becomes weaker and weaker,the so-called pseudograph talk of Ana can hardly stand,and the suspicion about the 'Three Prefaces' of Confucius Ana has become a verdict for long.Therefore,studies on the 'Three Prefaces' of Confucius Ana should regard study methods of learners as basic points,as the later can stimulate us to think over different Chinese academic thoughts like pseudograph and suspicion on ancient materials.