.1961-1964 Years Of Research, The Brazilian Policy

In early 1960s, the US-Soviet hegemony was at a stalemate. Both sides were trying to expand its sphere of influence, with a view to achieving substantive victory. In addition, at the end of the 1950s, the triumph of Cuba revolution had a certain impact on its surrounding countries. Under the banner of anti-communism,the United States strengthened to interfere in the Latin American actively. Latin America was always regarded as the traditional sphere of influence by the American government, while as Latin America's largest country, Brazil received much more attention. The early 1960s in Brazil, both the Quadros and Goulart governments shew their own independence to some extent. Faced with the threat to its national security and interests, the Kennedy and Johnson government carried out political, economic, paramilitary, and diplomatic activities to interfere in Brazil's internal affairs openly or hiddenly. Finally, in American's element, the military coups occurred in 1964, and the military dictatorship replaced the elected government. These activities produced far-reaching impact both toward Brazil and the United States. Currently, the domestic study of this topic is still slightly weak. The essay draws lessons from the past research result, bases on the newly declassified records, tries to study the formulation, implementation and evolution of America policy toward Brazil from 1961 to 1964.After explore the characteristics of this policy,we can look into the U.S. relations with Brazil and the real terms of the U.S. policy in Latin America.The essay including foreword, text, conclusion, and the text is divided into three parts.The foreword summarizes the significance and value of this theme, and introduces the research both at home and abroad at present.The first part, taking into account the strategic significance of Brazil, primarily review the history policy that United States carried out toward Brazil government.The second part, mainly discusses the foreign policy of President Kennedy toward Brazil. In Brazil, both the Quadros and Goulart governments shew their own independence to some extent. In response, the U.S. held high the banner of anti-communism to interfere in the domestic economic and political situation in Brazil. With the deepening of friction, US-Brazil conflict has been quite sharp.The third part, mainly discusses the foreign policy of President Johnson toward Brazil. Facing the crisis situation in the country, the U.S. has adopted economic, or military assistance to interference in Brzail openly or covertly. Thus, The U.S. supported and ensured the success of a military coup, which leading to the collapse of Goulart government. The conclusion, to reflect on the U.S policy toward Brazil from 1961 to 1964. The foreign policy of Kennedy and Johnson toward Brazil reflects the internal consistency. Proceeding from the interests of political, economic and military, they took special measures to support the collapse of Goulart. The U.S. made its effort to defend their "leading position" in the world, and interfere in internal affairs of other countries in the name of democracy, which has just exposed the hypocritical nature of its democracy.