| "Shihchi", as the first biography general history of our country, holds the very important status in the literary kingdom and the history kingdom. It is the first material to studies the Chinese history, particularly the pre-Qin and Western Han Dynasty history. Its origination's biography method was inherited by the"official history"in all ages. Lu Xun once commended that "Shihchi" is"the peak of poetic perfection; the top of picturesque rhythm", given "Shihchi" an extremely high appraisal in both the history value and the literature charm.Sima Qian, as the Western Han Dynasty renowned historian, the writer, has inherited the historian's"factual record"spirit, and positively collected the most widespread, and real historical data, made every effort to reappear historical the original condition; at the same time he also has the quality like a writer to be good at expressing feelings. During record history's, he explained his subjective understanding to the historical personage and historical event's. This method by Sima Qian, strengthened the readability of "Shihchi", and has aroused people to historical personage's sympathetic chord, takes enormous function to historical dissemination. But simultaneously the individual love and hatred tendency which joined has affected "Shihchi"'s"authenticity"more or less inevitably. Especially the persons who the author pays attention specially, like Xiang Yu, Li Ling and so on, these characters are reposing the author deep sincere sentiment, so the records mostly to protrude these persons'character, instead to places the objective to the first place. However, while the reader accepts "Shihchi", he also has accepted Sima Qian's values, can not walk out from "Shihchi"'s sentimental. Therefore I hope through my pygmy effort to filter out the literature ingredient of "Shihchi", research its record history event's truth, and return the original state to historical personage.This paper, I select the most famous"struggle between the Chu and Han"as the topic, research the people widely known story carefully, break the fetter of the society decide thought, overall analysis the beginning to end of the"struggle between the Chu and Han", make every effort to returns the original state to"Xiang Yu"'s historical image. I thought that Xiang Yu's record written by Sima Qian has a tendency to create"the big hero":"The war of Ju Lu"has entrusted the dauntless heroic spirit with Xiang Yu;"The war of Peng city"has demonstrated his remarkable military talent;"The minute gap"has praised his kind-heartedness to the world;"Suicided beside Wu River"to accomplish his arrogant unyielding personality. Sima Qian describes the probable factor which emphatically Xiang Yu's defeated, and try to exaggerate the tragedy color to Xiang Yu's life, also arouse people's sympathy and worship to Xiang Yu. But in the history, Xiang Yu's life does not look like such legend as "Shihchi" records; the record in "Shihchi" also cannot withstand careful deliberation. I will research "Shihchi"'s record from"the significant historical event's time","Liu Bang cut the white snake","The war of Ju Lu","The war of Peng city","The war of Jung Yang and Cheng Gao"and"The death of Xiang Yu"six topics, and try to unfold the original condition of that phase historical to the reader.In brief, I believe the"struggle between the Chu and Han"'s record of "Shihchi", particularly to Xiang Yu's excess"raises", has surpassed the historical withstanding agent, and violated the normal logic. It influences "Shihchi" history value more or less. |
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