Traditional Chinese And Western Concept Of Political Justice, And Comparative Study

Political justice idealism expresses people's affirmative/positive political justice belief. It mainly consists of the beliefs as follows: how to acquire political power is legal; how to exercise political power is reasonable; what political order provided by political power to the social members has great vitality; what extreme value aimed at by political power is good. Political justice idea recognized and accepted by the social members. Political justice idealism undergoes a natural evolution process: it begins with the primitive essential political justice idealism (series of ideas concerning the extreme value of politics ),experiences the formal political justice idealism (series of ideas concerning the justice of law ),then develops into procedure political justice idealism (series of ideas concerning the value of procedure in exercising power) and finally forms the sophisticated essential political justice idealism .(series of ideas absorbing all the ideas in the evolution process)In traditional society ,both Chinese and western political justice idealism have their own construction process. The history of Chinese political justice idealism is roughly divided into three main periods: Xia, shang and Zhou dynasty is known as beginning period characterized by the idea of destiny; the Spring and Autumn period and the warring states period is known as the mature period dominated by the doctrine of Confucius; the period from Han dynasty to Qing dynasty is known as the developing period in which the ideas about relation between king and people as well as their own responsibility and duty are expounded .The western political justice idealism goes through the following periods in its construction history ;the origin traditional idealism is from ancient Greek mythology, having the original idea about the relation between chaos and order as well as that between order and power; its formation is based on ancient Greek civilization, indicated by the establishment of city state politics and the emergence of political rationality; its improvement thanks to ancient roman civilization marked by the secularized idea of natural law and the appearance and maturation of power idea; its development attributes to the medieval civilization ,forming the idea of Germanic law and the contract idea. In such historical background it is not only challenging but also promising for our country to construct and realize the current political justice idealism. It is challenging because not many achievements in the field have been gained by our traditional society, and it is promising because much exploration and effort have been made by the western traditional society, which is cultural wealth and fruit of political civilization that we shouldn't neglect.