Study Of Market-oriented Reforms Of Our Government Public Services

In a society, the various direct demands of citizen and organizationsare satisfied by the combination and disposition of resources, whichoffers services.Which satisfies the public demand of social members toproduce is the supply process of public service . Public services oftenhave non-exclusiveness and the non-competitiveness on some degree.Traditional economy theory think : because of " market ineffectiveness ",governments supply public service by monopoly. However, in reality inthe government can not satisfy people in supply of public goods. Our government has undertaken all duties that offer public services,has played certain positive role ,but now a lot of abuses have ariseninevitably. Therefore, reform of marketization in supply of publicservice become a inevitable tendency in the development process of ourcountry of socialist market economy. This paper will combineestablishment of the public financial frame of our country in thetransformation of government function, research problems exist in themarketization of our country public service, attempt to give some policysuggestions. This paper includes four parts totally. Part one is the summarization of public services. First, I have limitedthe concept of public service. Public service have non-exclusiveness andnon-competitiveness on some degree . We may understand the processsupply of public service from two aspects: subjects and process. Becausethe production of modern society has become a complex system, detailsin processes can be divided. Then I classify for the direct organizer ofpublic service production, and summarize some kinds: authoritative,commercial and voluntary, and introduce character of every mode. The second part introduces marketization of public service.So-called marketization of public service , is leading into competitivemechanism in the supply of public service, regulates demand and thesupply of public service through market mechanism, so reach reductioncost and raising the purpose of efficiency. Firstly, I elaborate theinevitability of marketization in public service. It can not only increasethe supply quantity of service, meet the needs of economic development;but also is helpful for raising improvement service quality and the supplyefficiency of public service; the realistic national conditions of ourcountry also need reform in the supply of public service. Then, Idiscussed the theoretical foundation mainly in two aspects of supplyreforms: one is public choice theory,the other is new public managementtheory. Both believe in the role of market.Then, I have introducedpractice in western industrial countries, including contracting-out,public-private partnership, user charging and voucher. Part three is the present situation of the public service of our country.First, I have summarized present situation and the history of the publicservice supply of our country, sum up the public service supply of ourcountry on this foundation. Then, I analyse the reasons that producesthese problems: on one hand the government financial resources of ourcountry is limited, caused insufficiency in public service supply; on theother hand, omission on the function of government causes the lack of thepublic service .It is the major reason caused the various problems. Part four is to the research on countermeasure to reform inmarketization of the public service of our country. Marketization is theinevitable tendency. Reform in our country is not only necessary, but alsopossible. Then I limit the range of marketization: mainly including"mixproduct". Finally what arise various problems in public service supplyprocess is discussed. And I give some suggestions on building of thesystem of vigorously related. Firstly, to the public service have charactersof "pure public product, our government should perfect public finance toundertake costs. Secondly, our government should perfect the policysystem to promote competitions: deepen the reform of property right;perfect market access system construction; reform price mechanism.Thirdly, the government should...