"separation Of Powers" Of Democratic Institutions On U.s. Foreign Policy Making

The raising of "separation of powers" democratic theory is to prevent the abuse of public power. The decentralization and checks and balances of three powers provided a viable path for the democratic practice. This theory is applied to constitution of the United States which is the first results of mankind. Constitution of the United States established the "separation of powers" democratic institutions, which had an impact in United States political life and had no exception for the United States foreign policy decision-making process and its outcome. It is the formative root of Congress-Presidential relations for United States foreign policy. Under the "separation of powers" democratic institutions, The United States foreign policy power is shared by Congress and the Administration of the President. But the two sides have been granted by the Constitution to "ambitions of resisting the other' s ambitions" . But limited by the brief of the Constitution provisions, and the importance of the diplomatic in the political life of the United States isn' t high. The constitution provides very few regulations and special principles to the right of diplomacy, which results great mobility relationship between Congress-Presidential relations in the history of American foreign policy. From a period of foreign policy power between Congress and the president have emerged cyclical swings. President has comparative freedom rights to the foreign policy in crisis but Congress performs actively to the foreign policy during peacetime. At the same time Congress and the President have different influences in different areas of foreign policy. In the military, security "senior political" areas, the dominant position of the President is obvious. In the economic, cultural and other "low politics" areas, the impact of Congress will be highlight. This is because of the contradictions between the national security and democracy requires, and Congress especially the House of Representatives is the most "democracy" in United States government agencies. In the long term, the shift of foreign policy-making powers swings to the President' s direction. It dues to the operating mechanism of the President is disadvantageous for the secret decision-making and rapid response, but plays an increasing role in international affairs with the United States. In "PNTR" policy with China, the period is just after the end of "cold war", the United States has gained a dominant position in global affairs. None country can product a real threat to the national security of the United States. At that time developing economic...