Sex Ratio At Birth In China Since The 1990s, The Time And Space Changes

The sex ratio is a biological foundation of population development. Population's sound development should regard balance of the females and males development as the basic prerequisite. Since the fourth people's census data was issued in 1990. the unusual rising of sex ratio at birth in China has become one of the previous questions which the domestic and international people are caring about and studying, utilizing the data of the fourth and fifth's population census in China , Proceeding with mainly administrative regions aspect of counties, The text had set up ACCESS database of sex birth in birth in 1990's and 2000's censuses. At the same time,we quantitatively analyze the data by Using SPSS 12.0 software, study our country's situation of sex ratio at birth with the time and space changing since the 1990s, analyze each county's space distribution characteristics of sex ratio at birth in the whole country, and explore the direct and indirect factors influencing ex ratio at birth in our country.The results of the paper indicates that analyzing sex ratio at birth with time change, firstly, cur country was in a situation with total sex ratio on the rocket side increasing since the eighties of last century, esp, the range on a high side was larger in 1990s and the trend was more and more violent and fiery. Secondly, minorities' numbers of the sex ratio at birth going beyond the normal range has increased greatly. The increasing degree of national minorities- whose population beyond one million was more than before. It's plausible that the trend of preferring boys would be strong in their fertility idea. Thirdly, the province within the normal range of sex ratio at birth was fewer and fewer, and there are seven provinces whose sex ratios at birth are beyond 130 belonging to the high range. The analysis have also reflected, while generally investigating in 2000, that the provinces' sex ratios at birth on the high side were distributed in east and middle part mainly, and mostly provinces of large population. However, to some relatively less developing regions as the northwest and the southwest which surpassed the normal level but slightly a little less.From space change of sex ratio at birth in our country, we can draw the following conclusions. Within a decade, administrative counties' numbers with sex ratios at birth in normal range has largely reduced, and the administrative counties' quantity whose sex ratio at birth on the high level has increased rapidly. The administrative county's quantity of high sex ratio at birth in East China has dropped to some extent;But within the ten years, the problems of high sex ratios at birth in the areas of lowersocial economic condition, such as the middlesouth , the Northwest and southwest, have not only been alleviated ,but still are becoming more serious. Meanwhile, according to levels of economy and medicine, family's structure and characteristic of education development levels, we can draw the space distribution of the national counties and cities' sex ratio at birth in the year of 2000 into four kinds of areas.Through the method of path analysis, we can show the results of the direct andindirect influences upon sex ratios at birth in the urban and rural models.1 Totally, urban people's desire for bearing boys was not very strong, and thetraditional idea about male partiality depends on the spread between generationsmainly.2 Regional public opinion about fertility plays an important role in changing fertilityidea. Compared with cities, the rural areas have more serious and firmer thought ofregarding men as superior to women.3 Regardless of the city or the countryside, women's education level and social statuscould play very good roles to the reducing sex ratios at birth.4 With the greater economic development in the rural regional of our country,, thetransition of the bearing idea seems not to catch up with the step of economicdevelopment yet. In fact , the rural high sex ratios at birth is the reflection ofcontradiction between the strong male partiality current and strict child-bearing policy,and the external embodiment of people's pursuing bearing boys, with the aids of themedical means. So, we must also try every means to strengthen the standardizedmanagement of the rural medical service organization, implement comprehensiveadministration, and undoubtedly stop manual intervention in sex ratio at birth firmly.