| Coastal is an important environment transitional zone. Coastal is the most closely area living with the human survival and social development. The coastline change can cause a variety of coastal resources and ecological processes of change, not only the ecological environment in coastal zones will cause serious hazards, but also bring huge economic losses, much attention around the world. To study coastline change and its driving factors is important in understanding environmental change in coastal zones and global change.The coastal of Liaoning Province is located in the forefront of Northeast Economic Zone, and to the coastline as the development axis. Following by Liaoning Coastal Economic Zone as the development of the region as a whole has been incorporated into national strategies, which will certainly increase the coastal zone by human impact. There are varieties of coastline types in Liaoning Province, from east to west distributed of muddy coast, rocky coasts and sandy beach. They are high degree of development and type-rich using. Therefore, monitor the coastline changes play a fundamental role of scale and indicators to coastal economic zone on the future and even the development and prediction of Liaoning Bohai Sea Economic Zone. It also has important theoretical and practical significance.In this paper, with the techniques of RS and GIS, the spatial-temporal changes of coastline of Liaoning Province were analyzed since 1978. The driving force of the coastline of Liaoning Province based on gray correlation methods was mainly studied. It tried to explore the coastline changes of Liaoning Province between the natural ecological processes and human economic social relations reveal the past 30 years. Through comparative analysis of six regions, comprehensive embodiment of coastline changes under the different driving factors and the influence are different in space. It also provided useful information for the protection of natural coastline, coastal environment, rational use of coastal resources, sustainable development of the whole coastal area and integrated management. The study content and research results are:(1) The coastline of Liaoning Province during 1978 to 2008 in the past 30 years has taken place complicated changes. The overall evolution is characterized by three periods, namely fast decrease, slowly decrease and stable periods. In Time Series Changes, from 1978 to 1988, the coastline rapidly reduces; form 1988 to 2000, this period, the coastline slowly shortens; from 2000 to 2008, the coastline change stability. From space point of view, the city whose coastline length change most is Dalian; Dandong, Jinzhou, Panjin times of it. Judging from the landforms, the zone which is of most significant change is the muddy coast, followed by rock coast, and sandy coast coastline did not change significantly.(2) In this paper, the Gray Correlation Model about quantitative analysis of the natural, economic and social factors was built; the model was applied to explore the driving factors of coastline change. At the same time, qualitative analysis of the type of coastal impacts the changes on coastline. Changes in the coastline of Liaoning Province are combined result of natural, economic and social factors and types of coastal zone. As the qualitative factors, the type of coastline also affected change. Muddy Coastline was influenced by the change of river system, rivers into the sea in sediment changes, sea level rise and other complex natural factors. The coastline of tortuous and rocky has bigger curvature. It was less affected by natural factors, mainly affected by human factors. Sandy coastline was formed of sand and gravel, on which mainly based tourism development at present. There was breakwater in the high tide line, and the strength of this coastline development was weak. The coastline has small changes combined with all factors. |
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