| This paper studied and discussed the agent based model in complex adaptive systems. The article consists of two main topics: one is herd behavior in complex adaptive systems, and the other is population competition in complex systems.Topicâ… is mainly concerned about herd behavior in market system. It is a common belief that the formation of a herd in a normal market will cause bubbles and/or crashes, which can ruin the whole market. Here this belief is challenged with the results obtained from a modeled resource-allocation system. Based on the market-directed resource-allocation game, we designed and conducted a series of computer-aided human economic experiments including herd behavior. We also performed agent-based simulations and theoretical analyses, in order to confirm the experimental observations and reveal the underlying mechanism. We report that, as long as the ratio of the two resources for allocation is biased enough, the formation of a typically sized herd can help the market to reach the optimal state. This resource ratio also serves as the critical point for a class of phase transition identified herein, which can be used to discover the role change of herd behavior, from a ruinous one to a helpful one. This work is also of value to some other fields, ranging from management and social science, to ecology and evolution, and to physics.In topicâ…¡, we mixed two different ability (memory length) agents, playing evolutionary games together. The long memory length stands for a smart man, as opposed to the short memory length agents, who stands for a stupid person. We found that the traditional concept of "smart" agents with longer memory size are not necessarily to take advantage of, "simple/stupid" people sometimes can get a higher winning rate. We also discussed two different historical sequence (real historical sequence and random historical sequence), and the conclusions are similar, which also apply the proverb, called "sometimes wisdom is wrong."... |
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