Study On The Components And Biological Activity Of Bamboo Shoot Shell Extractions

The bamboo shoot is an important forestry resource in China. The bamboo shoot contains many kinds of nutritive components, some of which have not only important nutritive value but also medicinal value. The researchers newly discover that the bamboo shoot has various health care factions, including anti-obesity, anti-carcinogenic, hypolipidemic and anti-ageing effects, etc. Although our country is abundant in bamboo shoot resources, the overall utilization rate of resources is low. Therefore, in order to raise the utilization rate of resources and create greater economic value, enhancing the comprehensive utilization and study of bamboo shoot resources plays an important role. With bamboo shoot shells as raw materials, active substance was extracted by ultrasonic-organic solvent method, and then purified by macroporous adsorption resin, the main research work is as follows: 1.Study on the Determination of Components in Bamboo Shoot Shell Extractions by Gas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryThe bamboo shoot shell extractions were deruvatized with the N,O-pair(trimethyl silicon hydride) three fluorine acetamide(BSTFA, including 1% trimethyl chlorine silicon hrdrideTMCS). The functional components were isolated and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the relative contents of these compounds were determined by peak area normalization method. There were 28 components were separated and 15 compounds were identified. The main chemical constituents were 11 kinds of familiar fatty acids,2 kinds of phenolic acids, a kind of ethanesulfonic acid and 1 kind of fatty acid ester. Totally 15 compounds in bamboo shoot shell extractions were identified, which was 51.19% of total peak area, fatty acids and phenolic acids were 29.71% and 10.96% of total peak area,respectively. The result showed that the content of fatty acids was higher in bamboo shoot shell extractions. 2.Study on the Phenolic Compounds in Bamboo Shoot Shell Extractions by High Performance Liquid ChromatographyThe phenolic compounds in bamboo shoot shell extraction were determined by HPLC with gradient elution to further study on the composition of it. The phenolic compounds were separated by using zorbaxSB C-18 at wavelength of 280nm and colum temperature of 25℃, with 1.0% acetic acid and methanol solution(1.0% acetic acid) as the mobile phase. Gradient elution:B 10%-26% 0-15min, B 26%-40% 15-30min, B 40%-65% 30-50min, B 65%-95% 50-60min, B 95%-10% 60-63min, B 10% 63-70min. The mobile phase rate was 1.0mL/min. The results showed that there were three kinds of phenolic compounds in extraction, including gallic acid, epicatechin and p-coumaric acid. The content of phenolic compounds was 0.79mg/mL for gallic acid,7.27 mg/mL for epicatechin,76.66 mg/mL for p-coumaric acid.3. Study on the Antioxidant Activity of Polyphenols From Bamboo Shoot Shell ExtractionsWith bamboo shoot shell as raw material, the ultrasonic-organic solvent extraction technology was used to extract polyphenols. Reducing power along with scavenging effects on O2-·,·OH and DPPH of polyphenols from bamboo shoot shell were examined. The results showed that: polyphenols from bamboo shoot shell had strong reducing ability and strong scavening capacities on O2-·,·OH and DPPH; and the higher the density was, the better effect was achieved. At the same concentration, the scavening capacities on·OH and DPPH were lower than that of Vc and Apple Polyphenols. The scavening capacities on O2-·was weaker than that of Vc and Apple Polyphenols when the concentration was smaller than 0.28mg/mL, but the concentration was higher,the scavenging capacity was higher than that of Apple Polyphenols.4. Study on the Antimicrobial Activity of Bamboo Shoot Shell ExtractionsAgar diffusion method was used to investigate antimicrobial effect of bamboo shoot shell extracts on some common food putrefied microbes, the stability of the antimicrobial activity was also investigated under heat treatment and UV light treatment. The results showed that the minimum inhibition concentration of bamboo shoot shell extractions in the test range was 8.75mg/mL for Staphyloccocus aureus,4.375mg/mL for Bacillus subtilis,35 mg/mL for Bacillus cereus,35 mg/mL for Escherichia coli, but there was no significant antibacterial effect on Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhizopus stolonifer and Aspergillus niger. The antibacterial activity substance in bamboo shoot shell extracts has good heat stability; UV light stability of the antibacterial activity substance is different to different microbials.In conclusion, the bamboo shoot shell extractions contained many kinds of biological activity substances and had significant antioxidative activity and strong antibacterial activity. It was expected to be new natural antioxidant and antiseptic, added to foods and cosmetics. The results measured by GC-MS, provide theoretical basis for futher researching the mechanism of antioxidative and antibacterial activities of extractions on one side, and suggest people extract natural monomer from bamboo shoot shell on the other side. According to the result measured by HPLC, it is primarily beliveved that the content of p-coumaric acid is higher in the bamboo shoot shell extractions. Other separation and purification technologies can be used to get high purity p-coumaric acid. The bamboo shoot shell is expected to be an important source of raw material which used to prepare standard p-coumaric acid. Therefore, the bamboo shoot shell has certain development potential, this paper provides theoretical basis for futher utilizing it.