Hofmann Degradation Of Poly(AM/AMPS) In The Inverse Emulsion And It's Application

Polyacrylamide (PAM) as an effective polymer flocculant is used very wildly in water treatment. After years of research, the polymerization mechanism and polymerization methods of polyacrylamide have been mature, and we have developed a range of products and have got a lot of types of polyacrylamide flocculants, meeting different environments" need.The rapid development of modern industry and the rapid growth of heavy industry, and the more and more serious damage to the environment by human, caused the environment rapid deterioration. Air, soil, water, biology et al, suffered a serious pollution. Current, unusual weather has become increasingly evident; many people's lives have been severely affected. The survival of mankind was posed a serious threat. Many countries are now paying more and more attention to environmental protection; and develop a lot of laws and adopt many measures to protect the environment and to eliminate pollution. The water pollution is more common, more serious, and particular in China. In china, we always speed the development of national economy, at the expense of the environment. For many years, we are adopting the approach of first industrial development after Pollution abatement, result in serious environmental, water pollution and destruction. The most serious pollution is heavy metals. Because of its persistent toxicity, not easily biodegradable, heavy metals pollution is the most damaging to the environment. The most common pollution way of heavy metals is water pollution. Treatment of wastewater containing heavy metals solved, uneven distribution of water resources, serious water shortage in most parts of China, the contaminated water need to be purified and reuse. Therefore, the removal of heavy metals in wastewater is the most urgent thing. In 2011 the state will rank the work of heavy metal pollution as a top priority for pollution prevention and control.Current, with the improvement of people's environmental requirements and the complexity of the environment of sewage treatment, the polyacrylamide past produced is difficult to meet the requirements. Therefore, the development of new products is a very urgent matter. Although the polymer flocculants with high adsorption of heavy metal ions have been studied extensively:But there are some weakness like the polymerization method not yet mature. higher prices. poor adaptability to environment. can't meeting the requirements of some of the environmental treatment.To improve the flocculants' metal removal rate. to increase the adaptability of flocculants to environment, to reduce the flocculants'production costs, an amphoteric Poly(acrylamide/2-acrlamido-2-methylpropane sulphonic acid/vinylamine) (Poly(AM/AMPS/VAm)) with strong absorbability of copper(â…¡) ions was prepared by Hofmann degradation in this article. Firstly, the Poly(AM/AMPS) was synthesized by inverse emulsion polymerization using AM and AMPS as monomers. Secondly, partly amide groups of the Poly(AM/AMPS) were transformed to amine groups by the Hofmann degradation in the inverse emulsion to obtain amphoteric Poly(AM/AMPS/VAm). The effects of copolymerization and Hofmann degradation on their properties were discussed. The amine groups were confirmed using a FT-IR spectroscopy and their anination value was calculated by conductivity method. The influencing factors of removing the copper(â…¡) ions in the simulated environment of the wastewater were investigated, such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH value, the concentration of the copper(â…¡) ions and the amount of products. The products before and after absorbed Cu2+ were characterized by SEM. The results indicated that the amphoteric Poly(AM/AMPS/VAm) were of significant utility to remove the copper(â…¡) ions.