The Research Of Reclamation Policy Based On Environmental Governance In Our Country

Since the foundation of New China, there are three major reclamation climaxes. The first was for the salt production in the early days of Chinese fundation, its environmental problem was mainly accelerating the beach siltation; The second time was from the mid-60s to 70s of 20th century,reclamation for agricultural development and the main environmental problem was the disappearance of large areas of wetland; The third time was from the late 80s to early 90s of 20th century, reclamation for mariculturing.which brought much more serious environmental problems.After intering into the 21st century, with the rapid development of economic, land resources are increasingly tight, many areas accelerated the pace of asking land from the ocean,which causes another reclamation climax in China, the reclamation land in this period is mainly used for project building, urban construction, transportation development and so on. Although the reclamation could increase the land resources and promote the economic development in some coastal areas, but because of the unreasonable manner of reclamation in our country for a long time,some areas developed reclamation blindly, plus the lack of evaluation,supervision and standardization management to the reclamation projects, the marine environment and resources has been severely damaged,which not only affects the marine function, but also causes enormous damagement to the society.Given this situation, to resolve the reclamation environmental problem,and guide the reclamation development to a scientific and reasonable path, learning from the foreign experience, our country has introduced a series of policies,including the relevant laws, regulations and systems, in order to avoid the fatal destroy to the marine environment, but in the temptation of interests, these policies did not achieve the desired results. This paper, in the basis of existing research results ,trying to analyze the reclamation policies. when reorganizing the reclamation policies ,it is find that the problems during the process of policy formulation and implementation still exist.Because the reclamation policies'imperfections and the poor implementation of these policies and so on, a series of reclamation policies have not played an effective role to the environmental problems. The article analyzes the reasons of policy failure from three respects,including the policy itself,the policy stakeholders and the policy implementing environment,at the same time,proposing the corresponding recommendations for the reclamation's rational development.First,it is believed that, in order to make the relevant policies of the reclamation to play an effective role, in order to better regulate the reclamation development, only The Sea Area Management Law and The Environmental Protection Law are not enough, we should strengthen the specialized research about the reclamation,in order to make the development of reclamation have its own rules to follow and ensure the feasibility of policy operations; Secondly,we should make the participants more mutiple,and pay attention to the local governments'implementation of these policies, as well as the general public's co-ordination; Thirdly,the effective implementation of the reclamation policy also depends on good policy environment,so we should improve the relevant systems,mechanisms and so on. In addition, the article stresses the preventive effect of the policy. It is considered that once the environmental damages had happened, the effect of the environmental policies would be minimal, therefore,we should prevent the reclamation from damagement in the preventing stage,to avoid the serious deterioration.The paper collects a large amount of information related to reclamation by the way of literature review, statistics,analysis,and so on,which provides the basis for the elated argument. Through this study,we are looking forward to help the reclamation development much more reasonable. so as to provide reference to the sustainable development of the marine economic, the sustainable use of the marine resources and the harmonious marine construction.