Investigation And Environment Quality Evaluation Of Ecological Environment In Farming-Pastoral Region Of Southwestern China With Remote Sensing Technique

Farming-pastoral region, an important component of ecological environment, is prominent regional in current ecological environment problems. It plays an important role in the strategy of sustainable development. It not only contains a huge production potential, and is the Ecological barrier to curb desertification towards the east and south. Southwest farming-pastoral region is the source of China's major rivers, which is important minerals and energy base, as well as the economic ties connected agricultural and pastoral areas. Carrying out research vigorously in the areas of ecological, geography, agriculture and so on, has great value in promoting ecological protection and development of social and economic and safeguarding the national ecological security. Aba of Sichuan province is the typical farming-pastoral area in the southwest. Maerkang country is chosen as the study area for investigation and environment quality evaluation with Remote Sensing Technique, because it has the typical ecological environment of farming-pastoral region in Aba. The results have some significance on protecting natural resources and ecological environment in this area. At the same time, it can provide some reference for formulating environmental protection and reconstruction policy by the Nation, the province and other government departments. Through analyzing some research and learning experience of predecessors, using the RS,GIS and GPS technology, analyzing and processing remote sensing images, DEM and meteorological data,the database including NDVI, land cover type, elevation, annual rainfall and average temperatures are established, and the model of quality evaluation for the ecological environment is created. And then, the ecological environment quality of Maerkang is evaluated.The main results achieved in the paper are shown as follows:(1) According to the reality, Maerkang has the typical ecological environment of farming-pastoral region, complex terrain and less Research in remote area. By extracting information from Remote Sensing Image and investigating in the wild with digital processing technology. Then, the suitable interpreting marks are set up.(2) Building practicability and suitability ecological environmental assesment index and standard system for the farming-pastoral region ecological environment .In this way , it can provides reference to give an objective evaluation to the ecological environment.(3) The land cover structure, density of vegetation cover, elevation, annual rainfall, average temperatures and population density are given the overall quantitative research with RS and GIS technology to provide basic data and background information for the ecological environmental assessment.(4) According to nonlinear relation between the ecological environment conditions and the evaluation indexes, the single factor evaluation, the correlation analysis of single factor and ecological environment quality assessment and the integrated ecological environment evaluation in order to get the objective and reasonable result.Research shows that the quality of ecological environmental is in upper-middle level; Level 1 zone and secondary area are large proportion, level 3 area is smaller proportion .The difference is obvious in ecological quality level ,and the ecological environment quality conditions in southeastern is obviously lower than other areas. The overgrazing of the pastures and the frequently intervening of human made the ecological environment facing a great challenge. Erosion of water and soil, geological disasters, pasture degeneration, resource exploitation, loss of biodiversity and the environment pollution from human economic activities deeply affect the ecological environment quality in this region.