On The Civil Society Participation In Global Environmental Governance

With the deepening of globalization, international relationship is no longer based on power and interest as the sole criterion for decision-making. The concept of governance gets into the field of political science, which creates the connotation of global governance in international relations. Global governance is a coordinated process to reconcile the different interests, including the executable systems and regulations, and informal consultations and formula, whose members include the public sector, non-governmental organizations, businesses, academia and other sectors , and regardless of frontiers and races. The object of global governance is global issues that affect all humanity, including terrorism, transnational crime, arms proliferation, the financial crisis, ecological destruction, disease prevention and control and so on. Global environmental governance is one of important components of global governance including the rational use of resources and development, pollution control, protection of rare animals and plants, such as issues like the international exploitation of oil resources, the ocean dumping of waste, transboundary emissions of air pollutants, the international transport of toxic wastes, ozone failure, loss of biodiversity, fishing, endangered animal and plant species, climate change, and so on.The main body of global environmental governance is the same to global governance, including governments, various international organizations (governmental and non-governmental organizations), and variety of global civil society organizations and so on. Global environmental governance means the governance process that the actors around the world seek solutions to global environmental problems by strengthening cooperation. In recent years, with the gradual deterioration of global environmental issues, global environmental governance seems to have become an important international agenda. From a global perspective, all types of the global environmental conferences including Global Climate Summit in United Nations has become more and more which get more and more attention from people. From the national level, in both developed and developing countries, environmental issues become one of the most important content in the national government report. Global environmental governance is different from other areas of governance, which is more likely to be effective because of its own non-political, less controversial, and urgency. However, state steering governance is increasingly challenged by these global environmental issues, and the state faces more failures before governance on this issue. Faced with this failure, independent, nonprofit, professional and other characteristics of the global civil society has drawn increasing attention from many scholars. The composition of global civil society is fairly wide including from individuals to groups, from professional and academic institutions to non-profit organizations which focus on various issues. Civil society participation is an important part of global environmental governance which plays five major roles in global environmental governance: collecting, disseminating, and analyzing information; providing input to agenda-setting and policy development processes; performing operational functions; assessing environmental conditions and monitoring compliance with environmental agreements; advocating environmental justice. Global civil society participation in global environmental governance has made some achievements, but still faces many difficulties and challenges. Global civil society involved in the process of global environmental governance is not deep enough, and need to use effective measures to enhance its role in the global environment. In the process of global environmental governance, China as a rising power should not only exert the functions of governance, but also make efforts to increase the mature development of domestic civil society, and take measures to promote the growth of civil society in China in order to show"grassroots voices"on stage of international society and China.