The Design Of The Laser Welding Machine Tool For The 3D Seam

The shape of seam on the aviation component is complicated and irregular in the 3D space. And the material of the aviation component is mostly aluminum and titanium alloy, and the component will be distorted greatly by heat radiation in the welding process,so does the seam shape. With the development of the aeronautical manufacturing, it imposes high requirements to the welding quality and welding efficiency, but the conventional welding methods cannot meet the requirement. With the advantages of focused energy input,narrow heat-affected zone,high speed,high welding precision, good quality and simplifying handling,laser welding can reduce the product weight and improve the welding quality efficiently, so the laser welding technology takes more and more important role in the aeronautical manufacturing field.However,there is few research on this field in our country,and none of the techniques and devices reported yet, while in the developed countries the techniques is stable reliable and advanced. And the laser welding device we used in our country is all introduced from the developed countries, but the devices are expensive and the key techniques are privacy protected. Therefore,the development on the laser welding machine tool for the 3D seam is of great significance to the aeronautical manufacturing and the national manufacturing development.For the special requirements of the laser welding of the 3D seam on the aviation component, a laser welding machine tool with in-process seam-tracking and real time deformation compensation function was developed in this paper.Firstly,this paper introduced the present research situation on the laser welding in aeronautical manufacturing domestic and overseas, and showed the significance of the this paper and presented the research contents, and then analyzed the requirement,and did the overall motion scheme. Secondly,the functional unit parts were designed, and especially the device which and ensure both the position and the posture of the welding and the measuring devices, and the devise which can realize laser welding,hybrid welding and filler wire welding. Thirdly, this paper made model analysis individually in the Finite Element method and then made optimization design,and so do the whole machine tool. And then the electro-mechanical combined simulation was analyzed on the whole system. Finally,the whole machine was designed.And the ODS experiment was done which showed good properties of the machine tool and verified the reliability of the dynamic analysis on the machine tool. And then the laser welding experiment on the 3D seam was done on the machine tool according to the the welding procedure researches. Finally the work piece is welded and the result proved the good performance of the machine tool.In this paper,the research provided experiment platform for research on the welding procedure on the aviation component and offered a technological support for future researches on the laser welding in aeronautical manufacturing.