The Study On Alcohol Production With Uncooked Material Fermentation Of Acorn Starch

Fuel ethanol is an important direction for development of energy supply strategy in our country and it has features of clean, renewable and etc. However, the huge cost for producing alcohol with traditional methods and traditional materials like corn not only limit the wide use of fuel alcohol, but also lead to the increase of price of grains. Therefore, seeking the cheaper alcohol material will become the hot spot world-wide. The resources of acorn are very rich in China; the annual output of acorn is between 6.0×109 kg and 7.0×109 kg, in which the acorn starch reaches as high as 40%-85%. But it can not be eaten directly for the high tannin content, so the actual utilization is few. Therefore, taking the acorn as the material to produce fuel alcohol is a feasible way. Based on the characteristics of acorns, this paper studied the acorn varieties, yeast, fermentation process and cost of raw material respectively. the results are as follows:Having made the comparison in acorns nutrients & fermentation performance and yeast Castanea 4 adaptation properties of starch fermentation among the samples of several species from Nanyue, Hunan, The results are as follows:12 acorn species in Castanea seguinii Dode, Ouercus variabilis Blume, Cyclobalanopsis multinervis and Castanea henryi 5 cultivars, starch content and yield were higher, while lower tannin content. Castanea henryi and Castanea seguinii Dode after fermentation alcohol and starch utilization was significantly higher than that of Quercus variabilis Blume, Cyclobalanopsis multinervis (P<0.05), while reducing sugar content was the opposite (P>0.05); Angel high temperature mixture of active dry yeast and yeast Nanyang (1308) and high active dry yeast Danbaoli, K word yeast and yeast Nanyang V (1300) compared to Castanea seguinii Dode after fermentation Castanea alcohol and residual Castanea seguinii Dode reducing sugar content has a significant advantage (P<0.05), is the acorn starch bio-ethanol of the best species.Through the research of single factor tests and Response Surface Methodology tests, the optimal fermentation conditions are summed up as follows:the particle size is 100, the material to water ratio equals 2.8, the addition ofα-amylase is 9 U/g, the addition of glucoamylase is 201 U/g, the addition of acid protease is 36 U/g, the fermentation temperature is 36℃and the fermentation time is 72 h.Through the comparison of processes, energy consumption and the components of fermentation broth between non-cooking process and traditional cooking process, the alcohol content of non-cooking process is slightly lower than the traditional one, but it is closer to the level of the traditional fermentation. Non-cooking Process can avoid or reduce the loss of starch, improve the starch utilization and increase the liquor ratio. Without the two processes of cooking and saccharification, the non-cooking process not only saves the input of equipment and manpower significantly, but also reduces industrial energy consumption and production costs greatly. It is manifest that compared to conventional process, the uncooked fermentation improves the quality of the alcohol greatly, which is indicated from the HPLC and the GC-MS study.