| The human livings standards increased substantially with the rapid development of science and technology. However, the resulting environmental pollution problems have a serious threat to the human's circumstance. Therefore, it is very important to monitor the environmental via fast and accurately technology. Although there has greatly developed techniques and methods of instrumental analysis, the direct analysis is often very difficult even impossible for the analysis object has become more complex and the content become more and more low, in particular, the matrix effect and the presence of interfering substances. So analysts must be construct a more cost-effective detection method, such as, improve the analytic accuracy, shorten the analysis time and lower the detection limit.A variety of sample pretreatment is essential before analyzing. Solid phase extraction enrichment technology has been widely used in sample Processing for simple for its facile operation, high enrichment factor, low sample and reagent consumption, no emulsification, easy collection, environmental friendly and easy combined with different detection techniques, etc.,. The selective of solid phase adsorption material is very important to sensitivity and selectivity. Therefore, finding the right superior performance of adsorption materials has been a hot area of scientific research problem.In recent years, biological materials received extensive attention in biomedical and wastewater treatment, especially in the removal of pollutants, which has become the interest to domestic and foreign researchers. Moreover, biological materials played an important role in controlling the environmental pollution, removing the adsorption of toxic metal ions in sewage and industrial waste water. The biological materials exhibited a exciting selectivity and adsorption performance to metals ions for biosorbents cnotaining polysaccharides, lignin, protein and other biological polymers, which may be rich in amino acids, phthalic amino, hydroxyl, carboxyl, sulfonic acid groups and thiol and other functional groups. And other functional groups which could contact with the metal ions and coordination with metal ions to form ionic bonds or covalent bonds.Eggshell membrane (ESM) is a biologically active hydrophilic semipermeable double layers membrane with a thickness about 70μm. And it has a good air permeability, moisture retention and absorption. Semipermeable test proved that the acetic acid, water and other small molecules could selectively through the eggshell membrane (ESM) but glucose and other macromolecules can not. The major components of the eggshell membrane(ESM) is protein and is widely used in medicine, food, cosmetics and other fields as a biological membrane material.According to the research reported in the literature, we mainly studied on the effect of adsorption and adsorption conditions of eggshell membrane (ESM) to the metal ions silver, copper, and manganese on solid phase extraction. And applied the eggshell membrane (ESM) to separate and detect the enrichment of trace metal ions in environmental water samples. The main contents are divided into four parts, summarized as follows:Chapter I: this section introduces the characteristics of the various separation and enrichment technologies and their applications. And also Brief introduced the biological materials and their application in separation and enrichment field, the structure and performance of eggshell membrane (ESM) and the latest research progress in separation and enrichment. The idea and the meaningful of this study were also introduced in this section.Chapter II: this section we established a new method to separate and enrich silver with eggshell membrane (ESM). The solid phase extraction sorbent eggshell membrane (ESM) was coupled with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) and applied to analysis of actual samples. The structure of the eggshell membrane (ESM) was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),and their adsorption performances to silver were also studied.Chapter III: the micro-column preconcentration was coupled with the flame atomic absorption spectrometry in this section. And we also studied their adsorption behavior to copper. A new method of eggshell membrane (ESM) to enrich copper was established and applied to the actual water samples.Chapter IV: the separation and enrichment of the eggshell membrane(ESM) coupled with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS) to adsorb Mn (II) and Mn (VII) in the slightly acidic environmental was investigated and used to detect trace Manganese ions in water samples. |
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