| Since hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) was first suggested in 1990, it has attracted the attention of researchers that study the separation of polar compounds in a wide variety of scientific fields. Numerous experiments have proved that the separation materials show different retention characteristics and separation selectivity, depending on the chemical structure of the surface of the stationary phase. According to the viewpoint that high polarity and hydrogen bond capability of the stationary phase are considered to be the key factors for the retention of solutes, the modification to the surface of the stationary phase with hydroxyl or amide group-containing ligands was regarded as an attractive way to solve tricky separation problems of polar compounds. Until now, designing novel stationary phases is still of interest to expand the application of HILIC or explore the retention mechanism.In this work, two hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) stationary phases were synthesized through bonding tartramide and glucosamine on silica particles. A set of representative polar compounds including small molecule acids and bases and nucleobases/nucleosides were employed to evaluate chromatographic properties of these two stationary phases. The retention mechanism of the column was investigated by the models used for describing partitioning and surface adsorption through adjustment ratio of water in the mobile phase, and by the influence of salt concentration, buffer pH on the retention of solutes. The results illustrated the surface adsorption mechanism from the direct hydrogen bonding interaction between compounds and the chemical structure of the surface of the stationary phase played an important role on retention behavior of polar compounds under HILIC mode. From the separation ability, the tartramide and glucosamine stationary phases could become valuable alternatives for the separation of the compounds concerned, which were helpful to further application. |
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