Studies On The Investigation And Classification Of Natural Variations Of Camelia Chekiangoleosa Hu

Camelia chekiangoleosa Hu belonging to Theaceae Camellia Sect. Camellia, was known as anendemic species in China. which was one of few evergreen flowering and woody plants in winter too. Ithas been loved by the people because of beautiful tree pose, long flowering period, huge flowersblooming and higher oil value. As a result of its strong adaptability, wide distribution, and infuiences onnatural environment or human factors, a lot of variations were produced. Based on the comprehensivesurvey of the resource of Camellia chekiangoleosa, the study aimed to filter the variations and conductclassification with morphology, numerical taxonomy, palynology and molecular markers. There wasimportant practical significance for breeding of new species, conservation of resource, as well asdevelopment and utilization of Camellia chekiangoleosa. The main conclusions were as follows:⑴19natural variantions of Camellia chekiangoleosa were screened in the10main distributionsby investigation, which was according to the standards of international Camellia Society stipulated inthe flower color, flower diameter, florescence, leaf type and growth habit. They were white type, pinktype, pink and white type, crimson with purple spotted type, deep red type, big flower diameter type,middle flower diameter type, small flower diameter type, micro flower diameter type, early floweringtype, middle flowering type, late flowering type, lanceolate leaf type, elliptical leaf type, obovate leaftype, upright tree type,spreading tree type,weeping tree type, fascicular tree type and theirmorphological characteristics were described.⑵25traits screened were quantitative classification research for the19types, which were11numerical characters,14quantitative traits. The original data of25traits were standardized to principalcomponent analysis and cluster analysis with SPSS.8principal components were derived from25characters by principal component analysis, the variance contribution rate was82.446%. The effects onthe important traits of type classification of Camellia chiekiangoleosa were flower diameter, petalslength, petals width, flower color, the ratio of leaf length and leaf width, branch pose, the shape of leaf,the number of split of stigma, stigma spliting or not, the veinal clarity of back of leaf,florescence,stylelength and filament length. Clustering analysis often used between-groups linkage. Distance coefficientwas the squared Euclidean distance. R cluster analysis selected traits which were correct and eachcharacter had independent evolutionary significance. The results of Q cluster showed the19varations ofCamellia chiekiangoleosa were divided into3groups based on flower color, the ratio of leaf length andleaf width and branch pose.And then the first group was divided into2categories according to flowercolor, flower diameter and the height of filament and style,and the third group was devided into4categories according to flower color, the shape of leaf and flower diameter.⑶The palynological study of19types of Camellia chiekiangoleosa was completed. Their pollengrains were long spherical or the long spherical. It was often in the form of single particle, equilateraltriangle triangle or suborbicular and3-lobed in polar view, oval or ovoid or oblong oval in equatorialview. Germination hole with three ditch, could be seen1-2plane in equatorial view and3plane in polarview. The pollen sculpture was rugulate, shallow rugulate, rugulate-granulate and ridge reticulate. A retrieval key was established for19types based on pollen morphology variation.4principalcomponents were derived by principal component analysis, the variance contribution rate was80.638%.The principal component analysis showed that the main indexes effect of type classificationwere the pollen sculpture, characteristics of germination hole, the size of pollen and shape. Q clusteranalysis concluded that19varations of Camellia chiekiangoleosa were divided into9categories bygrade combined line L1, L2, L3. The pollen morphology was as classification reference bycomprehensive analysis. Q cluster analysis of external morphology and pollen concluded that19typesgrade were divided into6categories by L1and the results was basically the same with the traditionalclassiffication.⑷The study of ISSR molecular marker of14types concluded that20pairs of primers couldamplificate251bands and229bands were the polymorphic bands. Its polymorphism ratio is91.23%.Aaverage of every primer could amplificate12.55bands and the polymorphic bands were11.45bands.According to the UPGMA cluster analysis of the genetic distance concluded that14types were dividedinto3groups by grade combined line L1and they were further divided into6categories by line L2.Theresults was basically consistent with morphological clustering.