| ObjectiveTo understand the knowledge and behaviors of priority infectious diseases prevention among floating population in Chaoyang distract of Beijing and Datong City, and to identify the status and needs of the knowledge, attitude and practice of priority infectious diseases prevention and behavior intervention, so as to discuss how to prevent infectious diseases effectively in a certain extent, and to provide a scientific basis for prevention of priority infectious diseases prevention among floating population.MethodsThe survey was carried out with using quantitative research and qualitative research. With multi-stage random stratified sampling of quantitative research,3000 floating population of Chaoyang District and Datong city in construction sites, entertainment, hotels, restaurants and bazaars were selected as experiment subjects. Two places were random selected in every site and 150 floating population were surveyed in every place.1500 floating population were surveyed in Chaoyang District, while 1500 persons in Datong city in total. The questionnaire content included basic information of floating population, the status of knowledge of priority infectious diseases, health-related behavior choice situations, demand modes of health transmission, reading comprehension of amoxicillin capsules instruction and on-site behavioral observation and so on. So we could understand the status of knowledge, behavior and health literacy of priority infectious diseases prevention among floating population. Through qualitative research on target population and relevant person in personal interviews and group interviews way, to understand the status of behavior intervention and existing problems for local infectious diseases prevention, appropriate behavioral interventions measures, and the demand for content and methods of behavioral interventions.Floating population of Chaoyang District and Datong city in construction sites, entertainment, hotels, restaurants and bazaars were investigated from April to May in 2010. The questionnaire was surveyed with question-answer type. In behavioral observations section, investigators prepared the required items for presentation, and then asked respondents to conduct health-related behavior operations. According to behaviors of respondents and combining with scores standard of questionnaire, investigators marked the behavior of the corresponding step by step.Use Epi Data 3.1 for data inputting and checking, use SAS 9.1 software for data description and analysis.Results3000 floating population was investigated, and 3000 valid questionnaires were received, the effective rate was 100%. The average age of respondents was 30.81±9.96 years, mainly distributed in the range of 20～,30～,40～, accounting for 44.10%,24.50%,17.43% respectively; Mainly in middle school educational level (48.07%) and high school/college/vocational school (27.73%).Among floating population, the awareness rate of "Correctly distinguish whether it is infectious disease","AIDS prevention measures", and "Transmission route of Hepatitis B" was 20.50%,27.53%,24.47% respectively. The differences of the awareness rate of infectious diseases among age, education level, and occupation were significant, and the awareness rate of 50～age group, low education level, construction sites workers and markets self-employed was lower relatively.The rate of spitting everywhere, covering mouths and noses occasionally when coughing and sneezing, and opening windows for ventilation occasionally were 19.87%,21.60% and 14.50%, while sex without condom was 41.97% respectively. The differences of the formation rate of health behaviors among sex, age, education level and occupation were statistically significant. Male formation rate of health behaviors was lower than female, while higher in the rate of sex without condom. Behavior formation rate increased with the level of education; markets self-employed had lower behavior formation rate.Watching television among floating population per week was most frequently, and the most frequent time selected was at evening(18:00-22:00)(58.30%), at night(22:00-6:00)(14.05%), and at noon(12:00-14:00) (9.77%). Survey shows that three top effective health communication means among floating population were "Listen to doctor when see doctors"(47.07%), "Introduction by relatives, friends and colleagues"(31.10%), and "Infectious disease control and prevention talks"(25.13%). While they thought promotional brochure, watching videos, brochures and SMS has less effective.The correct understanding rates of drug name, indications, dosage and administration, adverse reactions and contraindications about Amoxicillin capsules package insert were 94.57%,38.83%,75.60%,18.83% and 90.53% respectively. And the differences of correct understanding rates among age, education level, occupation and personal monthly income were significant (P<0.01).The average scores of right measuring temperature, condom use, coughing and spitting, washing hands operation were 5.85±3.31,4.42±3.71,4.06±1.26 and 5.92±2.10 respectively. The differences of four operations scores among sex, age, occupation and area were significant (P<0.01).Infectious diseases prevention literacy score of floating population was from 7 to 55, and the average scores were 34.94±9.63. People with infectious disease prevention literacy was 374, accounting for 12.47%. Survey shows that after controlling for other possible factors, education level, occupation, personal monthly income and area were the impact factors of disease prevention literacy.Conclusion1 The knowledge of infectious disease prevention did not fully masterAmong floating population, the awareness rate of "Correctly distinguish whether it is infectious disease","AIDS prevention measures", and "Transmission route of Hepatitis B" was 20.50%,27.53%,24.47% respectively, which suggested health education should focus on the definition, transmission routes and preventive measures of infectious diseases.2 Television was the mass media exposed most frequency, and more effective way of health communication was inter-personal communicationTelevision was the mass media exposed most frequency among floating populations, and they thought three top effective health communication means among floating population were "Listen to doctor when see doctors"(47.07%), "Introduction by relatives, friends and colleagues"(31.10%), and "Infectious disease control and prevention talks"(25.13%). Qualitative survey showed that respondents believed that doctors and other health personnel on-site consultation and talks had a good effect on infectious disease prevention, and hoped to receive the knowledge of infectious diseases mainly through television, talks, promotional pictures, etc.3 Behavior operation scores on-site were lower, behavioral intervention should be further strengthened.The average scores of right measuring temperature, condom use, and washing hands operation were lower than the average scores of coughing and spitting, so they should be strengthened. Some people could not master how to use temperature thermometer. Propaganda and education work for condom use has not been done well, we had a long way to promote the use of condoms.4 The present situation of infectious disease prevention literacy was not well.Floating population with infectious disease prevention literacy was lower, accounting for 12.47%. The awareness rate of knowledge of infectious disease prevention, the health behavior formation rate, and behavior operations inspect on-site should be still further improved. Education level, occupation, personal monthly income and area were the impact factors of disease prevention literacy, it was necessary to carry out specific health education.Suggestions1 Formulate scientific health education strategy based on different characteristics of floating population2 Strengthen behavioral interventions, and train behavioral skills positively3 Give full play to the role of the media, facilitate a variety of transmission routes... |
PDF Full Text Request