| Background and objectiveSaliary gland cancer is the most common cancer in head,the incidence of salivary gland cancers are currently rising,especially the malignant saliary gland tumor threaten the life of people directly,and influence the patient's quality of life,therefore, their biological characteristics are studied constant thoroughly. Although the current diagnosis and treatment of salivary gland cancers have been made a great progress,but their differential diagnosis are still one of the main trouble for a great many pathologists. The tumor markers with ideal sensitivity and specificity were needed to help the early detection of cancer and prognostic judgment and provide the best treatment plan in clinic.Pleomorphic adenoma (pleomorphic adenoma, PA) is the most common salivary gland cancer,also is the most common benign salivary gland, which accounts for epithelial tumor 60% of all salivary gland tumors. PA main pathological features are: have a capsule which is composed of epithelial, myoepithelium and mesenchyme. The visible part of PA composed of epithelial and muscle epithelial cribriform structure which easy confused with adenoid cystic carcinoma,lead to identify the diagnosis is difficult,this is a problem which pathology physicians for a long time hasn't solve.The most common malignant epithelial neoplasms of salivary gland included mucoepidermoid carcinoma,adenoid cystic carcinoma and acinar cell carcinoma,etc.Tenascin-C (TN-C) is a kind of extracellular matrix polymer glycoprotein. During embryonic period,the expressions of TN-C could be found in various tissue of the body,but it hardly express in mature tissue,its expression in a wide variety of tumor tissues is different. TN-C have There is a close relationship between TN-C and embryonic formation,tumor growth,trauma repair of tissue and fibrosis,the cell aging and the formation of angiogenesis.CD9 is a kind of surface related proteins of leukocytes secretion, and belong to TM4-SF members. There is a close relationship between CD9 and cell proliferation and migration and the transfer of tumor cells. On the surface of cells, CD9 can form a great combination with a across cell membrane protein such as integrin.These complex substance plays a dual adjustment effect on the growth,migration and transfer of tumor cells,which inhibit the invasion and metastasis of tumor cell.This study aims to explore the relationship between TN-C,CD9 and salivary gland cancer,it also explores the two for the value differential diagnosis of salivary gland cancer, the search for the genesis of salivary gland tumors,differential diagnosis, and treatment targets to provide the evidence.Methods:1. Expressions of TN-C and CD9 protein were detected by immunohistochemical staining of SP method in 25 cases of pleomorphic adenoma,25 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma,20 cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma,10 cases of acinic cell carcinoma and 10 cases of normal Saliary gland.2. Expressions of TN-C and CD9 mRNA were detected by the technique of in situ hybridization in 25 cases of pleomorphic adenoma,25 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma,20 cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma,10 cases of acinic cell carcinoma and 10 cases of normal Saliary gland.3. Statistical analysis:All the dates were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 statistical software package.The Chi-square was used for the comparison of positive rates; the Spearman's correlation analysis was used for analyzing the correlation of two variables. The level of significant difference isα=0.05.Results1. TN-C proteins in 10 cases of normal salivary gland tissues was expressed negative. In pleomorphic adenoma,The positive expression of TN-C protein mainly in glandular epithelium, the positive rate of 16%(4/25);In adenoid cystic carcinoma,TN-C proteins in cancerous tissue is expressed of diffuse expression,the positive rate of 64%(16/25); Mucus epidermoid cancer epidermoid cells and mucus cells' cytoplasm are both of the positive expression, the positive rate of 40%(8/20); In acinar cell carcinoma, TN-C protein can be found in cancer cell cytoplasm, the positive rate of 50%(5/10). TN-C proteins masculine expression rate in adenoid cystic carcinoma is significantly higher than it in the pleomorphic adenoma,the difference was statistically significant(χ2=12.000, P=0.001<0.05), but there were no statistical differences of the expression in adenoid cystic carcinoma, mucus epidermoid cancer, acinar cell carcinoma(χ2 are 2.571 and 0.583,P=0.109 and 0.445 >0.05, respectively).2. In 10 cases of normal salivary gland tissues, the positive expression of CD9 proteins mainly in ductal epithelial and glandular epithelium,the positive rate of 100%(10/10) In pleomorphic adenoma, CD9 protein positive expression mainly in glandular epithelium, the positive rate of 32%(8/25); In adenoid cystic carcinoma, CD9 proteins in cancerous tissue is expressed of diffuse expression,the positive rate of 80%(20/25);mucus epidermoid cancer epidermoid cells and mucus cells' cytoplasm are both of the positive expression, the positive rate of 70%(14/20); In acinar cell carcinoma, CD9 protein can be found in cancer cell cytoplasm,the positive rate of 90%(9/10).The positive rate of CD9 proteins in adenoid cystic carcinoma is significantly higher than it in the pleomorphic adenoma, the difference was statistically significant(χ2=11.688, P=0.001<0.05),but there were no statistical differences of the expression in adenoid cystic carcinoma,mucus epidermoid cancer, acinar cell carcinoma(χ2 are 0.602 and 0.503, P=0.438 and 0.478>0.05, respectively).3. TN-C mRNA in 10 cases of normal salivary gland tissues was expressed negative. In pleomorphic adenoma,TN-C mRNA positive expression mainly in glandular epithelium, the positive rate of 12%(3/25); In adenoid cystic carcinoma, TN-C mRNA in cancerous tissue is expressed of diffuse expression,the positive rate of 56%(14/25); mucus epidermoid cancer epidermoid cells and mucus cells' cytoplasm are both of the positive expression, the positive rate of 35%(7/20);In acinar cell carcinoma,TN-C mRNA can be found in cancer cell cytoplasm, the positive rate of 40%(4/10). TN-C mRNA masculine expression rate in adenoid cystic carcinoma is significantly higher than it in the pleomorphic adenoma,the difference was statistically significant(χ2=10.784,P=0.001<0.05),but there were no statistical differences of the expression in adenoid cystic carcinoma,mucus epidermoid cancer, acinar cell carcinoma(χ2 are 1.969 and 0.732,P=0.161 and 0.392 >0.05, respectively).4. In 10 cases of normal salivary gland tissues, the positive expression of CD9 mRNA mainly in ductal epithelial and glandular epithelium,the positive rate of 100%(10/10) In pleomorphic adenoma, CD9 mRNA positive expression mainly in glandular epithelium,the positive rate of 20%(5/25); In adenoid cystic carcinoma, CD9 mRNA in cancerous tissue is expressed of diffuse expression, the positive rate of 72%(18/25); mucus epidermoid cancer epidermoid cells and mucus cells' cytoplasm are both of the positive expression, the positive rate of 70%(14/20); In acinar cell carcinoma,CD9 mRNA can be found in cancer cell cytoplasm,the positive rate of 80%(8/10).The positive rate of CD9 mRNA in adenoid cystic carcinoma is significantly higher than it in the pleomorphic adenoma,the difference was statistically significant(χ2=13.607,P<0.001), but there were no statistical differences of the expression in adenoid cystic carcinomamucus epidermoid cancer, acinar cell carcinoma(χ2 are 0.022 and 0.239,P=0.883 and 0.625>0.05, respectively).5. The co-expression positive rate of TN-CmRNA,TN-C proteins in 80 cases of salivary gland tumor was 37.5%(30/80). The co-expression negative rate of TN-CmRNA, TN-C proteins in 80 cases of salivary gland tumor was 40%(32/80), the express of consistent rate was 88.8%.The correlation analysis showed that there was a very significant positive correlation between the two (r=0.734 P=0.03).The co-expression positive rate of CD9mRNA, CD9proteins in 80 cases of salivary gland tumor was 68.7%(55/80), The co-expression negative rate of CD9mRNA, CD9proteins in 80 cases of salivary gland tumor was 12.5%(10/80), the express of consistent rate was 88.8%. The correlation analysis showed that there was a very significant positive correlation between the two (r=0.676 P=0.03)Conclusions1. There is a positive correlation between TN-C proteins,TN-CmRNA and the growth of salivary gland tumor.There is a certain significance for the differential diagnosis of salivary gland tumor.2. There is a positive correlation between CD9 proteins,CD9mRNA and the growth of salivary gland tumor.There is a certain significance for the differential diagnosis of salivary gland tumor.3. There is a very significant positive correlation between TN-C proteins and TN-CmRNA in four kinds of salivary gland tumor.There is a very significant positive correlation between CD9proteins and CD9mRNA in four kinds of salivary gland tumor. |
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