The Research Of The Early Song Dynasty Imperial Academicians

Imperial Academicians placed in the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, Wudai and Song by the development until the late Qing Dynasty, rolling twelve hundred years, political life in the ancient play an extremely important role. Northern Song Dynasty is established on the basis of their initial follow the Wudai, then for "variety of measures of righting a wrong", get rid of weak monarchs brought the drawbacks, Dynasty, Taizong implementation of "Officials and staff special "," Name and points "policy, three additional Secretary, the official hospital trial, the trial Court, too often hospital ceremony, three classes of homes and other institutions, both in an orderly manner with the new minister to achieve officiala of the previous inter-restraint, and in time to meet the thirst for talent new dynasty. Zhenzong period, these systems facilities, known as the "ancestors of the Law", has strong stability. In the process of restructuring the early Song Dynasty, the Imperial Academy duties changed little, but gradually improve their institutions and in the central operating system, play an increasing role. Song three papers attempt to build toward the Imperial Academy institutions, organizational structure, functions, selection and promotion and other aspects of study to investigate the inheritance and development process and its changes, but also early Northern Song dynasties tried the perspective of the evolution of the central bureaucracy, Imperial Academy as a history of status and role of the inspection.Except the preface, appendix, the text is divided into four parts, these questions were investigated.The first chapter of Northern Song Dynasty Imperial Academicians of body build problems. Song was established, the system follows five generations. Become firmly established with the Northern Song Dynasty rule, need to be continuously adjusted to adapt to the situation, gradually becoming more mature and standardized. Imperial Academicians in the official Government Office, and the Imperial Academician Chengzhi, straight Academicians, Academicians together constitute the right to direct agency personnel, Government Office located in the Imperial City, the Privy Council, declared the north of Xuanhui Institute; Although the number of its members do not fixed, but generally remained at four to five, their salary is improving, largely to the period from Zhenzong sent into the formal establishment of office.Chapterâ…¡mainly on the Northern Song Dynasty Imperial Academicians of the main functions. Tang Dynasty Imperial Academicians, the main particular portfolio is the drafting of the decree and staff advisers, but also occur infrequently, the phenomenon of part-time. To Song after the Imperial Academicians in addition to continuing with these two functions, often as court officials, and serves as the interviewer (known Imperial Examination). Song implement educational, Imperial Academyicians is also involved in the development etiquette Code, ordered the auspices of codification and cultural books, activities are more frequent. Imperial Academicians is also the increasing importance of performance.The third chapter analyzes the Northern Song Dynasty Imperial Academicians of selection and promotion issues. Although the Imperial Academicians of selection by the emperor like a number of effects, but it must have the appropriate conditions in order to select, the basic conditions should have learned, virtuous and elegant, political experience and other factors, there are other factors to enter Imperial Academicians ranks, but often so can not do and leave. Because of the Imperial Academicians in the palace with quality and, deeper relationship with the emperor, the promotion of rapid, often do not register prime minister few years and the place of the Northern Song scribes expectant clear to office. Chapter IV mainly on the Imperial Academicians'status. Imperial Academicians is well received by the emperor respected and relied on, then dominated by the emperor and the use of the central administration in the Northern Song Dynasty adjustment and change frequently part-time, proactive planning and management officials of the Civil election to become the imperial power and the relative strength of the right in the middle of the struggle, but also virtually become the emperor's powerful centralized booster. Also the Imperial Academicians enjoy general cognitive respected position clear cut expensive, but also sufficiently specific to recognize the quality for each Imperial Academy and the political capacity of the other, in the intrigues of the court, the Imperial Academician will be out of the fate of different career.