The Habitat Selection Characteristics Of Syrmaticus Ellioti In Xiaoxi

This theis studies on Syrmaticus ellioti(English name: White-necked Long-tailed Pheasant),which is a national protection class I bird. From August2009to December2011, the author Conducted a survey about White-necked Long-tailed Pheasant’s habitat in Xiaoxi. The results are:Ⅰ. White-necked Long-tailed Pheasant is a type of forest birds, and the regulation of its population life is:1. Daytime, their main activity is looking for food, started from they leave the night roosting sites and finished when they go back. At noon, they choose the appropriate place to rest, action less. However, In the season of food scarcity, they spent most of time to move for food, the rest time is not obvious.2. The reproductive period begins from April. They are polygynous, The majority is one male and two female or one male and three female. After mating, they nest on the ground, with rich food and close to water. The female have spawn5-8eggs. Incubation period is24days.Ⅱ. White-necked Long-tailed Pheasant’s population density in Xiaoxi national reserve:1. Vegetation:White-necked Long-tailed Pheasant like to activate in evergreen broad-leaved and deciduous mixing forest. They prefer to take this kind of area that the tree coverage over60.00%, and care nothing. To herb class, White-necked Long-tailed Pheasant prefer to activate in area, where the grass is as tall as11-30cm and the herb cover degree is10.00-50.00%.2. Food:Most of White-necked Long-tailed Pheasant’s food is herb and fern erne. The author observed that White-necked Long-tailed Pheasant ate82type of food,72is herb food,10to animal food. Because its liking food distribute along the clough belt, we found more White-necked Long-tailed Pheasant’s trace in this area. 3. Landform:The slope of White-necked Long-tailed Pheasant activating area is craggedness, most of the degree between30°and40°,this degree benefit to look for food and to evade the predator without consuming a lot of energy. To the position-slope, White-necked Long-tailed Pheasant like to choose the clough and downgrade. To the slope-aspect, they don’t behave any preference, but we found more traces on the northern slope of mountain, because there are more food distributing. In the same time, White-necked Long-tailed Pheasant appear more frequently at the area near to watern path but far away from the border of forest than the residential area.Ⅲ. Analyse the used-area and control-area with the SPSS18.0for WindowsThe author analyse14factors affecting White-necked Long-tailed Pheasant choosing the habitat, the stepwise discriminant analysis. We found there are three key factors ordered by White-necked Long-tailed Pheasant:the distance from the water, average height of herb, average height of shrub.IV. There are some Human impacts have effect on White-necked Long-tailed Pheasants’life:1. Forestry and Farming:Tree cutting, Open up wasteland, Planting.2. Grazing and Sideline:Cattle and sheep grazing, beekeeping in mountains.3. Other interference:Illegal hunting, building the pavement, environment pollution and so on.