| As the only satellite of the earth, the moon attracts the attention of the people. With regard to the origin of the moon and the earth-moon original relationship and even the origin of the universe, scholars both at home and abroad have different opinions. Since the middle of the last century, America’s Apollo lunar exploration program and followed the former Soviet’s lunar exploration program as well as China’s lunar exploration project have expanded people’s horizon of the moon. It has been observed from the initial telescope to close-up shots of the moon’s surface topography and the final target is to land on the lunar surface field and bring samples back in order to analyze and study accurately.People still have many doubts in terms of the perception of the moon:Does dome structure of the lunar surface inspire us to understand the lunar structure and composition of deep information? Is the seamount range of the lunar mare and mountains the result of the tidal force? Is the May Sea Ridge Mountains the result of tidal forces as the lunar surface lineament? Constitute main geomorphic units of impact craters on the moon could provide us how deep in the crust material information? For the above a series of problems, people using geophysics, geochemistry and the moon image geology,which is popular in recent years, to reflect the tectonic evolution history of the moon comprehensively. As widely distributed century impact craters on the lunar surface, it is formed by internal and external force of the tectonic of the moon. On the other hands, there is no atmosphere on the surface of the lunar. Thus, studying the existing geometric features of the crater can track back to hundreds of millions of years ago the construction process and the causes. In order to study more scientific and comprehensive, the description of the geometric features of the crater of the lunar surface can start form the crater diameter size, roundness, depth, crater lip,edge sharpness to the complexity in pit.By setting standards of quantitative grading,from the discrete data is converted into frequency figure characteristic of normal distribution, can more clearly reflect the space distribution rule and the quality of qualitative differences. Last but not least, combined with the existing geological map, do statistical distribution about six-figure within the different region of impact craters.Through statistics of frequency diagram to summarize different month quality, and the time period in order to reflect the features of the crater geometry of six-figure factor distribution and change of situation, the formation mechanism. The main research content is as follows in this article:(1) Do study about Chang ’E-2CCD image data preprocessing.Because of the work principle and imaging mechanism of Chang’E-2CCD image is different from other satellite sensor, we can study from denoising, removing bad strips, photometric correction, geometric correction, image Mosaic and so on.(2)Do study about extracting the Chang ’E-2image impact craters intelligentlyThere are many methods of crater intelligent extraction, the article use classification thought to recognition and extraction of impact craters, including image enhancement, image segmentation, region growing consolidation and post-processing.(3)Do study about description of crater geometric features of quantitative degrading.Including the establishment of quantitative grading standard and crater geometric feature description (diameters size of craters, depth, roundness, crater lip, edge sharpness,the complexity in pit, etc.). Describe the reason of six factors and how to quantitatively describe the geometrical features of the crater.(4)Do study about crater geometric features within time and space distribution.Including following three parts:First, using the comprehensive detection technology to get the geologic map of moon; Second, describe different age’s crater shape feature and image feature and its causes; Third, using ENVI, Erdas,Arcgis and Matlab,remote sensing image processing software to obtain the statistical analysis of the impact craters geometric feature description factors and observe and summarize the space-time distribution pattern of impact craters have rules to follow.Based on the above research contents, this article has following innovation points and research result:Propose a kind of quantitative degrading methods,which is based on statistical law used to describe six factors about the geometric features of craters on lunar surface.For discrete data, by determining both the number of quantitative degrading and boundary can reflect the change tendency and dispersion degree, therefore, it can summarize its space-time distribution rule.Based on the completion of the above research, summarizing crater distribution rules and origins mechanism under research areas in different ages, providing a new method to study the tectonic evolution of the moon. |
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