Effect Of Lead On Haemocytes Of Freshwater Crab Sinopotamon Henanense

With the advancement of technology and social development, aquatic by heavy metal ions, poses a serious threat to aquatic organisms. Heavy metals in the soil and water environment, plants and aquatic organisms can enter the organism, and then gradually get magnified throught the food chains, resulting in organisms with multiple organ system damage.Carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic effects on organisms have attracted much research attention, and the mechanisms for heavy metals toxicities has also increasingly become a new hotspot of research.In this study, the acute toxicity of different concentrations of lead (Pb2+) on Sinopotamon henanense haemocytes was investigated.Under an optical microscope, and using the conventional method smear, the Sinopotamon henanense haemocytes were counted, observed and classified. Sinopotamon henanense haemocyte can be divided into three categories:large granular haemocyte (LGH), small granular haemocytes (SGH) and agranular haemocyte (AH). Lethal concentration in this experiment, concentration of Pb2+set for9.188,18.375and36.75mg/L. Lead exposure resulted in an increase in large granular haemocytes and agranular haemocytes, and a decrease in small granular haemocytes. At the same time the number of damaged haemocytes gradually increased as the concentration of lead increased. With the extension of exposure time, total haemocytes density decreased significantly. The experimental results showed that with different concentrations of lead, SOD, CAT enzyme activity in the hemocytes underwent a significant change compared to the control, with the concentration of18.375mg/L significantly increasing enzymatic activities, and36.75mg/L, significantly reducing enzymatic activities.The single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) was used to detect the breakage of DNA strand and the software of CASP was used to analyze the data picture. There was a significant increase in the levels of the damaged DNA, as well as the tail length, tail DNA, and olive tail moment (OTM). Briefly the results showed that the DNA was affected seriously by Pb2+The SCGE was a very sensitive method in determining the damage of DNA, and the damage of DNA could be considered as a biomarker in determining the environmental mutagens.The results of our research may offer some useful theory and advices to the relevant agencies and be useful to the environment protection and aquaculture.