Evaluation Of Flower Color And Analysis Of The Formation Of Lilium Germplasm Resources

Lily (Lilium spp.) cultivation in China has a long history, rich germplasm resources, Lily appearance graceful, colorful, rich flower types, metaphor meaning beautiful, is the five world famous delicacy cuts one of flowers, with "Bullbar flower king" reputation. Lily is large and colorful petals is a variety of excellent material, as the angiosperm flower color variation types of larger groups, the phenotypic analysis for evolutionary biology studies provide some reference data. In this study, the materials collected from each color and the colorful groups obtained through the hybridization of F1are used to analyze the pigment composition, type and content of lily petals, factors affect the color formation and the genetic relationship of the color. The study is designed to draw the regular of the lily color genetic, to filter out the color variation plants. To rich the relationship of color formation on the basis of morphology, cytochemistry and color composition. Giving the theoretical explanation for abundant color variation. Providiong the reference for the color breeding of lilies, the color classification and the species identification and protection. The main results of this study as follows:1) Lily color show the quantitative genetic characteristics, controlled by multiple pairs of genes. Show the characteristics of maternal genetic in the hybrid combination which choose the orange material as the female parent.2) Yellow and orange lilies mainly contain the yellow pigment and carotenoids. Pink lilies contain flavonoid glycosides and anthocyanins,the Dark beauty has delphinidin. Orange-red lilies contain carotenoids and anthocyanins. White lilies contains trace flavonoids, the Navona has aurone and the Longiflorum has none pigment in it.3) Temperature below42℃could have little effects on yellow peptide of lily. Orange, orange-red and pink pigment degraded slightly with the increasing of temperature. Pigment pretention rate remains above93.81%. Metal ions could affect the colorimetric role of anthocyanidin. Most metal ions can deepen the color of red flowers and reduce the color of yellow and white flowers.4) The average thickness of the epidermal monolayer cell of Lily is55.944μm. The average thickness of the lower epidermal monolayer cell of Lily is54.83μm. White lily contains a small amount of yellow pigment. In pink flowers the anthocyanins are mainly located in the upper and lower epidermal cells. Some of the palisade and spongy tissue contains trace yellow pigment or carotenoid. The anthocyanin of orange-red flower present in the upper and lower epidermal cells and palisade tissue. A small amount of carotenoids present in the spongy tissue. Carotenoids are present in the petal tissue in orange flower which does not have flower anthocyanin or have anthocyanin existing in the form of pigment spots, thus does not participate in the suit the coloring. In yellow flower, the pigments including carotenoids and yellow pigment present in the upper and lower epidermal cells and palisade tissue. The main color pigment are the carotenoids. The pigment also exist in the vascular bundles of the lily petals.5) Filtering two Individuals "Dark beauty×Prato"-1and "Dark beauty×Prato"-23which have anthocyanidin mutate so that have petals without carotenoids and a individual which have petal does not contain chlorophyll from F1population of the hybrid combination of "Dark beauty×Prato"-P28.