| As a new kind of energy, oil shale is important to the21st century. With abundant resources and the feasibility of the development and utilization, it will bring about good economic and social benefits. Wastewater generated in the mining process will have an adverse impact on the environment, which has become the limiting factor for its exploitation. The treatment of oil shale wastewater is the focus of attention at home and abroad.In the study, water quality of different sources of oil shale wastewater was analyzed and the features and extent of the pollution was explored. The retorting wastewater from HuaDian was selected as research objectives. The wastewater was reddish brown and has kinds of organic compounds. The water quality as follows: CODcr for11490.136mg/L, ammonia for745.605mg/L,TN for934.97mg/L, TP for88.1mg/L, total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) as762.255mg/L, As for0.597mg/L.Oil shale wastewater was treatment by SBR. The process parameters were determined by experimental conditions in a single factor. Operation mode of SBR is influent time for5min, aeration time for36h, settlement time for60min, effluent water for5min, idle for20min. At temperature of24℃～28℃, pH of6.58～7.24, DO of3.36～4.36mg/L, HRT of36h, the elimination effect of COD and TPH are promising. For the conditions of influent volume of15L, COD of491.008mg/L, and total petroleum hydrocarbons of33.25mg/L, the COD removal rate can be up to70%and the total petroleum hydrocarbon removal rate can be up to90%. When the influent COD was1088.3mg/L, TPH of85.96mg/L, the removal rate of them were53.6%,55.11%.We can conclude that the wastewater treatment effect of SBR is not ideal in the high organic concentration.With modified Monod equation, the biochemical kinetics of SBR was analyzed for determining its kinetic parameters (Vmax), reaction series (n) and reaction rate constant (k). It can draw a conclusion that Vmax was2.38d－1, K8was292.46mg/L, n was0.62and k was292.46mg/L.Besides, based on SBR, activated sludge with petroleum-degrading bacteria was used to treat oil shale wastewater. The bioaugmentation of oil degrading bacteria in the different factors was studied. It obtained that at pH6-8, temperature of22-30℃, the amount of bacteria of8%～12%, aeration time for8h-10h, the effect of treatment was better. With COD for618.2mg/L, TPH for55.12mg/L, the COD removal rate can reach76%and TPH can be up to88%in biofortification system. With COD for1500mg/L, TPH for88.7mg/L, the COD removal rate was47.5%and TPH removal rate was50%in biofortification system. Compared with the activated sludge system, COD and TPH removal rate can be increased by28%,30%respectively. Biofortification system had advantages that the system had short time to start and strong resistance to shock loading capability compared to the activated sludge system.At the same time, PCR-DGGE technique was used to analyze microbial diversity in the bioaugmentation activated sludge system. It drew a conclusion that the bioaugmentation system with microbial bands22had microbial diversity, and it had little effection on microbial diversity of activated sludge system when adding oil-degrading bacteria. |
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