Study On The Extraction,Separation And The Properties Of Polysaccharides From Camellia Oleifera Seed Dregs

Camellia oleifera seed dregs was used as raw material to extract the polysaccharides, then the albumen was removed from the polysaccharides. And the decoloring process, measurement of molecular weight, monosaccharide component, its vitro anti-oxidation activity were investigated. A new approach for the comprehensive utilization of byproducts, extracted the camellia oil, was developed. This study had an important meaning for the development and utilization of oil resources of Fujian province.(1) Hot water extraction was used to extract polysaccharides from Camellia oleifera seed dregs. During the extraction process, the effects of the different factors were considered such as solid-liquid ratios, times and temperatures on the yield of polysaccharides. The results showed that the optimum processing conditions for extraction of polysaccharides from the Camellia oleifera seed dregs were as follows: The yield of polysaccharides was8.44%, at83.8℃of an extraction temperature; a solid-liquid ratio was1:31.2; and an extraction time was123.3min, respectively.(2) An alkali method was used to further extract the alkali-soluble polysaccharides from the Camellia oleifera seed dregs, after the hot water extraction. The results showed that:The relative importance of factors influencing the yield of polysaccharides was as follows:solid-liquid ratio> extraction temperature> alkali concentration> extraction time. The optimum processing conditions was that:The yield of polysaccharides was8.25%, when the solid-liquid ratio was1:30; the extraction temperature was90℃; the alkali concentration was0.4mol/L; and the extraction time was2h, respectively.(3) Hydrogen peroxide was used to decoloration of the polysaccharides from the Camellia oleifera seed dregs. Through orthogonal experiment analysis showed that the optimum processing conditions were as follows:the decolorizing rate was90.62%and the retention rate of polysaccharides was93.55%,when decolorizing temperature was55℃;3%hydrogen peroxide dosage was5ml; a decolorizing time was2h; and pH value was10, respectively.(4) The molecular weight of water-soluble polysaccharides and alkali-soluble polysaccharides was determined by high performance gel filtration chromatography. Results showed that:the molecular weight of water-soluble polysaccharides was2.8669×107Da, the molecular weight of alkali-soluble polysaccharides was6.9639×107Da. A PMP pre-column derivatization high performance liquid chromatography method was used to analyze the monosaccharide components of water-soluble polysaccharides and alkali-soluble polysaccharides. The results showed that:the water-soluble polysaccharides had four kinds of monosaccharide and they were D-mannose、D-sorbose、D-glucose and D-galactose. and their corresponding molar ratio was28.20:4.73:2.43:1.00. The alkali-soluble polysaccharides were composed of eight kinds monosaccharides, including of D-mannose、D-fucose、 D-galacturonic acid、D-rhamnose、D-glucose、D-xylose、L-arabinose and D-sorbose, and their corresponding molar ratio was23.65:6.53:1.04:1.00:1.00:2.34:2.89:1.22, respectively. The alkali-soluble polysaccharides were complex than the water-soluble polysaccharide in the composition end diverse of monosaccharide.(5) The ability of polysaccharides from the Camellia oleifera seed dregs to removal hydroxyl free radicals(-OH) was studied by an orthophenanthroline-Fe2+oxidation process. The hydroxyl free radical (·OH) could be removed by the polysaccharides from the Camellia oleifera seed dregs in a certain degree. when the concentration of polysaccharides was1mg mL-1, the removing rate to hydroxyl free radical was up to about30%, which was basically equal to that of ascorbic acid with the same concentration. The ability of polysaccharides from the camellia oleifera seed dregs to removal superoxide anion free radical(·O2) was studied by a pyrogallic acid autooxidation process. The superoxide anion free radical(·O2) could be obviously removed by the polysaccharides from the camellia oleifera seed dregs. When the concentration of polysaccharides was1mg mL-1, the removing rate to superoxide anion free radical was up to more than80%, which was better than the removal effects of ascorbic acid with same concentration.