Study On The Immunomodulatroy Effect Of Chick Embryo Egg On Hypoimmunity Mice

Chick embryo is the viable fertilized egg with its embryo developing inside by specialhatching technics. For its good taste and rich nutrients, the embryo egg is generallyconsidered as a health supplement to benefit the spleen and stomach, and to build up the bodyboth in China and Southeast Asia. This paper aimed to study the immunomodulatory effect ofthe water-soluble part and lipid-soluble part of chick embryo to hypoimmunity mice, throughwhich to investigate the immunomodulatory mechanism of chick embryo.In the present study, the raw material was12-day-old chick embryo egg, and theimmunosuppressed mouse model was induced by cyclophosphamide. Hydro-ligarine wasapplied as the extraction solvent of chicken embryo mixture. The experiment items werechosen in accordance with the “Assessment procedure and testing method of health foodfunctionality” issued by the Ministry of Health.Extraction solvents were screened by the following method. Treated by in vitro simulateddigestion, chicken embryo mixture was then extracted by water,75%ethanol, ethyl ecetateand ligarine, based on the polarity. Splenocyte proliferation and macrophage proliferationwere examined. The results showed that the ones with the highest immune activity were thecrude extracts by water and ligarine.Chick embryo powder and extracts were given to the hypoimmunity mice intragastricallyfor4weeks to test the following indexes: the ponderal growth curve, immune organ index(thymus and spleen), serum IL-2content, cellular immunity response (DTH response) andhumoral immunity response (serum hemolysin response). The results revealed that the threetest samples significantly raised the weight, spleen index and serum IL-2content of the modelmice, enhanced both the cellular immunity and the humoral immunity response. Theexperiments in vivo suggested that both the chick embryo powder and its extracts antagonizedto the immunosupression induced by cyclophosphamide, contributed to the immunoregulationactivity. Preliminarily, the lipid-soluble part toped the immune stimulation, followed bywater-soluble part, and finally the chick embryo powder.Treated by in vitro simulated digestion, chicken embryo mixture was then extracted byhydro-ligarine. In vitro cell models investigated the dose-effect relationship ofimmunoregualtion activity of chick embryo extracts ranging from10-500μ g/mL, consistingof the following experiments: splenocyte proliferation, thymus lymphocyte proliferation, IL-2content secreted by splenocyte, macrophage phagocytosis and NO production, NK cellactivity. The results revealed that chick embryo extracts antagonized to the immunosupressioninduced by cyclophosphamide. The water-soluble part remarkably enhanced splenocyteproliferation and IL-2production, while the lipid-soluble part significantly contributed to themacrophage function (macrophage phagocytosis and NO production) and NK cell activity.Both extracts revealed a dose-effect positive correlation ranging from10-500μ g/mL.The results preliminarily suggested the mechanism of the immunomodulatory effect ofchick embryo egg: lipid-soluble component and water-soluble component act on differentimmunocyte to stimulate its immunomodulatory effect, and the regulating activity increasedwith the dose.