Studies On The Dynamic Changes And Driving Forces Of Wetlands And Landscape Types In Duolun

This study based on the year from1987to2000and2010Landsat5three periods number of remote sensing for foundation, combination to the field investigation, application of the RS and GIS technology, through information extraction of the drought farming-pastoral areas DuoLun Country wetland, using the GIS spatial analysis function studied and analyzed of DuoLun Country wetland area change and the interaction transfer between the wetland landscape to the Non-wetland, wetland to wetland landscape changes, and studied and analyzed the wetland driving forces of the change, finally, puts forward countermeasures for wetland protection, provide the theory basis for protection to farming-pastoral areas wetland. the main results are as follows:(1) In23years from1987to2010, DuoLun Country wetland was reduced1350463.42hm2. Among them, form1987to2000, change is the biggest is the marsh wetland, were reduced511266.75hm2, rate of change is1.74%; River reservoir wetland, were reduced2800.89hm2, rate of change is0.12%; From2000to2010, the marsh wetland decreased by839614.82hm2, rate of change is4.81%, the river reservoir area appear the increasing trend, increased3219.04hm2, rate of change is0.18%.(2) From the change of landscape types can be seen, in1987to2000DuoLun Country wetland area main turn to three types of the landscape land which are forest, grassland and cultivated, less than1%transfer to other types. But in general, DuoLun Country area of grass is still to reduce, the sand area increased, and the vegetation coverage trend of reduce; Compared with2000, from2000to2010, to the wetland of Non-wetland, mainly transfer to forest land, account for63.08%of the total transfer area, including that transfer to forested land, scrubland, grassland and cultivated land area account for27.16%,35.92%,21.76%and14.60%respectively, to other types accounts for0.56%,the vegetation of DuoLun Country is increase, the sand area is reduced. from1987to2010, the process of wetland transfer to the Non-wetland mainly is swamp wetland transfer to the Non-wetland, of which1987to2000and2000to2010, the marsh wetland transfer to Non-wetland area accounted for96.53%and93.74%respectively, the area of river water wetland transfer to the Non-wetland only accounted for3.57%and4.36%respectively of the total transfer area.(3) From DuoLun Country land use and cover transfer changes to see, the2000was a turning point. From the transfer of the landscape pattern to see, form1987to2000the main drivers of wetland reduce analysis results show that the temperature rise, precipitation reduce and evaporation increased main natural factors are what due to the wetland area is shrinking. The increase of population, herding pressure increasesare are the main human factors of the wetland area transfer to the woodland,grassland and cultivated land. From2000to2010, the large area of wetland transfer to grass, this transfer is mainly due to the nation policy orientation, and climate drought and rising temperatures also nots allow to ignore.(4) Through the remote sensing tools to dynamic monitoring of DuoLun Countr-y wetland, according to the characteristics of half dry farming-pastoral areas of ecol ogical of DuoLun Country, reasonable utilization and scientific planning of wetland development, ecological construction considering of the ecological water requiremen-t; Secondly, in more publicity and raise public awareness of the wetland protection promote the wetland legislation at the same time.