Studies On The Bioconcentration Characteristics And Biological Toxicity Of Decabromodiphenyl Ether In The Water Environment

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) has been widely used as an important Brominated Flamed Retardants (BFRs) in worldwide. PBDEs have carcinogenicity, neurotoxicity, and thyroid toxicity to humans and animals as they are refractory, can be transported long-range and easy enriched in adipose tissue. Recent years PBDEs were detected both in the environmental media and in vivo, including body fat and breast milk, so ecological toxicity and potential hazard to human beings of PBDEs have gained widely attention. Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) is the largest amoun of commercial flame retardant that been used, and our contry’s consumption accounts for about a quarter of the world’s total consumption, our production accounts for fifth of the total output, so it is very necessary to study the bioaccumulation and toxic effects of BDE-209.This paper study bioconcentration and toxic effects of BDE-209to carps. Acute toxicity test showed96h-LC50of BDE-209is42mg/L, The results of chronic test showed that the activity of CAT and Na+/K+-ATPase in the carp liver elevated first due to been inducted and then decreased due to been inhibited. Different degree of oxidative damage to liver cells was caused by different exposure concentrations, and the oxidative damage caused by the concentration group of25mg/L was unrecoverable. BDE-209of different concentrations can cause damage to liver cell membrane, but the damage can be restored through the cell’s self-regulation.The toxicity of BDE-209was also tested by using Daphnia magna and luminescent bacteria.The luminous bacteria acute toxicity test showed the toxicity of BDE-209was small, and the dose-response curve of BDE-209to Photobacterium is nonlinear. The higher the expose concentration, the higher the inhibition rate was, but the high exposure concentrations of BDE-209 have a very small change to the inhibition rate of luminescent bacteria. Daphnia magna toxicity test showed that the48LC-50of BDE-209>10mg/L and it’s a low-toxic substances; when Daphnia magna were exposed to the concentration of1mg/L, there were no significant changes in the growth and reproduction of Daphnia magna; when the exposure concentration≥10mg/L, significant changes in the growth and reproduction of Daphnia magna were observed. The higher the expose concentration, the greater damage to reproductive capacity and viability of Daphnia magna.Genotoxicity of BDE-209was measured by umu genotoxicity tests. The test showed BDE-209has genotoxic effects, and can induce damages to DNA,1g BDE-209’s genetic toxicity is same as1.12g4-NQO’s.BDE-209’s enrichment and degradation trends were studied by exposing in different BDE-209exposure concentrations (2.5mg/L and25mg/L)16days. The test results showed that the enrichment concentration of BDE-209in fish reached the maximum to eight days, then began to decline; enrichment of the lower brominated diphenyl ethers in fish concentration was in the ng/g level, which far below the BDE-209enrichment concentration, which was in theμ g/g level.Through the series of experiments, difference toxicities of BDE-209on aquatic organisms can be analyzed, and also the basic data and technical parameters of controling the hazards to human and aquatic life can be provided.