The Relationship Between Altitudes And Nutrition Contents, Physiological And Biochemical Property Of Plants From The Alpine Meadow In Tianzhu

The paper was collected four dominant plants and one mixture sample from five different altitudes at Nan ni gou and Dai qian of northeast of the Qinghai Tibetan plateau. There are three altitudes located at Nan ni gou (2900m、3000m、3200m)and two altitudes at Dai qian (3600m3800m). Four dominant plants contain three herbages:Polygonum viviparum, Elymus nutans, Kobresia capillifolia and one shrub:Potentilla fruticosa. Determinating content of nutrient (CP, EE, WS, NDF, ADF, Ash, FA composition)and physiological and biochemical characteristics(Chla, Chlb, Car, MDA, total phenol and total tannin). Through value the nutrition of these plant sample can understand the adaptation mechanise of plants in this region, and afford basic data to understand the adaptation of animals. Thus effective utilization and sustainable development suggestion will be provided to local area.The following results were obtained:1. Change of concentration of photosynthetic pigments, malondialdehyde, water soluble carbonhydrate from samples at different altitudesThe content of different plant species at same altitude and content of same plant specie at different altitudes were different. The content range of chlorophyll A of P. viviparum, E. nutans, P. fruticosa and K. capillifolia were1.92-2.28mg/g FM、1.46-2.15mg/g FM、1.26-1.78mg/g FM and1.26-1.98mg/g FM; Chlorophyll B0.71-0.86mg/g FM.0.83-1.03mg/g FM.0.41-0.62mg/g FM and0.44-0.67mg/g FM; Carotenold0.40-0.46mg/g FM、0.29-0.39mg/g FM、0.29-0.39mg/g FM and0.35-0.54mg/g FM。The concentrations of chlorophyll A and chlorophyll B were decreased when altitude increased of sample at Nan ni gou and no marked different of sample from Dai qian. The contentration of caroteniod, malondialdehydrate, water soluble carbonhydrate were increased as altitude increased of sample from two regions. 2. Change of concentration of nutrition indicators from samples at different altitudes.The concentration of CP and EE of samples were increased when altitude increased of sample at Dai qian and no marked trend at Nan ni gou. The concentration of ADF and NDF from all samples showed decresed trend when altitude increased. Among all samples, E. nutans have highest concentration of ADF and NDF.The concentration of ash of samples showed increased trend at two regions except for K. capillifolia and mixture sample at Nannigou.3. Change of concentration of total phonel and total tannin from samples at different altitudes.The total phenol and total tannin content of P. viviparum were ranged in the interval of35.08-73.75mg/g DM,22.43-55.46mg/g DM. The total phenol and total tannin of content of P. fruticosa were ranged in the interval of36.63-66.66mg/g DM,36.63-66.66mg/g DM.The concentration of total phenol and total tannin from both P. viviparum and P. fruticosa showed increased trend while altitude increased. The concentration of total phenol and total tannin of samples at Nan ni gou higher than that at Dai qian.4. Change of concentration of fatty acid from samples at different altitudes.With GC-MS analyser tested the concentration of fatty acid composition in plant sample.The total fatty acid content of P. viviparum at different altitudes were ranged from10.37mg/g DM to13.88mg/g DM, the ratio of PUFA (Polyunsatured fatty acid)/TFA (total fatty acid) ranged from65.29%to71.59%. The total fatty acid content of E. nutans at different altitudes were ranged from3.21mg/g DM to6.68mg/g DM, the ratio of PUFA/TFA ranged from66.96%to72.32%. The total fatty acid content of P. fruticosa at different altitudes were ranged from9.51mg/g DM to16.08mg/g DM, the ratio of PUFA/TFA ranged from52.33%to74.37%. The total fatty acid content of K. capillifolia at different altitudes were ranged from10.71mg/g DM to16.56mg/g DM, the ratio of PUFA/TFA ranged from63.30%to75.68%. The total fatty acid content of mixture plant sample at different altitudes were ranged from9.23mg/g DM to11.68mg/g DM, the ratio of PUFA/TFA ranged from67.27%to75.91%. These results indicate that the fatty acid of plants was mainly PUFA.All plant samples content four unsaturated fatty acids and the sequence of the contents was a-Linoleic acid>Linoleic acid>Oleic acid>Palmitoleic acid. For the saturated fatty acids, the content of Palmitic acid was the highest. The concentration of a-Linoleic acid and Oleic acid of all samples showed increased trend while altitude increased, while Linoleic acid changed with opposite trend.