The Research Of Aerosol Cultivation On The Growth And Quality Of Medicinal And Edible Plant--moringa Oleifera

ObjectiveThis study is to explore the impact of two kind of cultivation methods (aerosol cultivated and soil cultivated) on the growth and quality of Moringa oleifera. Also studied the impact of different kind of nutrient solutions and different ratio of NO3--N:NH4+-N in the garden-style nutrient solutions on the growth and quality of Moringa oleifera. Provide references that based on the advantages of aerosol cultivated and medicinal ingredients adjustable for the factory and industrialization of the GAP of Chinese herbal medicines.Methods1Build independent aerosol cultivation facilities. Use the garden-style nutrient solutions to grown Moringa oleifera, compared the growth condition (height、crown widths stem diameter at5cm height aboveground-level、maximum diameter of rhizoma and weight of whole seedlings.)、nutrients (free amino acids、soluble sugar、Vc、nitrate) and medicinal ingredients(polysaccharide Total flavonoids) in45days with Moringa oleifera which grown in soil.2Build independent aerosol cultivation facilities. Use the garden-style nutrient solutions the Hewitt nutrient solutions and the Yamazaki nutrient solutions to grown Moringa oleifera. And compared the impacts on content of Nutrients and medicinal ingredients in45days among different kind of nutrient solutions.3Build independent aerosol cultivation facilities. Use the garden-style nutrient solutions as the fundamental solution, and to set up five nutrient solutions based on the ratio of NO3--N:NH4+-N (NO3--N:NH4+-N=100:0, NO3--N:NH4+-N=75:25, NO3--N:NH4+-N=50:50. NO3+-N:NH4+-N=25:75、 NO3--N:NH4+-N=0:100) in the garden-style nutrient solutions. And compared the impacts on content of nutrients and medicinal ingredients in45days among different ratio of NO3--N:NH4+-N.Results1Aerosol cultivation compared with the soil cultivation on growth and accumulation of effective ingredient has obvious advantages.(1) growth index:after grown45days, aeroponics group of Moringa oleifera in biomass growth indexes are all improved than soil group:The seedling height increased by66.5%, the crown increase by47.2%, the root tip diameter increased by79.3%, the root diameter increased by63.3%, the fresh weight increased by702.7%;(2) effective components:the accumulation of Vc、soluble sugar, total flavone and nitrate in aeroponics group of Moringa oleifera increasd by95%.362%.54%.495%than soil group, the accumulation of free amino acid and polysaccharide in soil group increasd by136%and211%.2Select the best nutrient solutions that suitable for Moringa oleifera to heap up active ingredients.(1) the Yamazaki nutrient solution formula increased the content of free amino acid;(2) the Park nutrient solution formul increased the content of soluble sugar;(3) the Park nutrient solution formula increased the content of Vc;(4) the Park nutrient solution formula increased the content of nitrate;(5) the Yamazaki nutrient solution formula increase the content of polysaccharide;(6) the Park nutrient solution formula increased the content of total flavone.3Discoveried that different ratio of NO3--N:NH4+-N have different influence on the accumulation of active ingredients:(1) the NO3--N:NH4+-N=75:25nutrient solution formula is the best for free amino acid to accumulated;(2) the NO3--N:NH4+-N=25:75nutrient solution formula is the best for soluble sugar to accumulated;(3) the NO3--N:NH4+-N=50:50nutrient solution formula is the best for Vc to accumulated;(4) the NO3--N:NH4+-N=100:0nutrient solution formula is the best for nitrate to accumulated;(5) the NO3--N:NH4+-N=0:100nutrient solution formula group;(6) the NO3--N:NH4+-N=0:100nutrient solution formula is the best for total flavone to accumulated.Conclusion1The experiment on Moringa oleifera tell us that:the aerosol cultivated compared with soil cultivated can improve the speed of growth in3-8times, and can control the content of active ingredients by adjusting the ratio of the composition in the nutrient solution, that can achieve the factory and industrialization of the GAP of Chinese herbal medicines.2Through the sleeting of different nutrient solution formulations found that:the higher ratio of nitrogen contain in the nutrient solution the more soluble sugar、Vc、nitrate and total flavonoids but less free amino acids and polysaccharide.3Use the garden-style nutrient solutions as the fundamental solution, and to set different nutrient solutions based on the ratio of NO3-/NH4+find that the higher ratio of N-N03-can stimulate the the accumulation of nutrient ingredients, the higher ratio of N-NH4+can stimulate the accumulation of medicinal ingredients.4In the Park nutrient solution formul when the ratio of NO3--N:NH4+-N=50:50is suitable for aerosol cultivated Moringa oleifera.