Studies On Separation Of Sasanquasaponin And Its Hydrolyzed Products And Their Hypolipidemic And Antioxidant Activities

The saponin is a kind of oleanane-type pentacyclic triterpenoid mixture present in seedsof tea plant or Camellia oleifera, and composed of three parts which are sapogenin,glycosides and organic acids. It is a non-ionic natural surfactant with excellent performanceswhich performs relatively strong function of foaming, emulsifying and dispersing, and hasbeen used to produce various types of emulsifiers, detergents, preservatives, pesticides andfungicides, but the products of saponin are crude with low content. In recent years, thebiological activities of saponin have been given much attention, but its shortcomings such ascomplex and diverse structures, difficulties in extraction and purification, easily absorbingmoisture, easy hydrolysis and difficulty to preserve limit its applications, especially in its usein terms of pharmacological activities. It can not be applied to clinic due to the lack ofeffective monomer compounds. China is rather rich in various types of tea seeds which showhuge utilization potential, thus developing and exploiting the saponin is of important practicalsignificance and has broad bright prospects.We selected the crude saponin extracted from the defatted seeds of Camellia oleifera asthe raw material, and the main ideas and innovative points of this paper are as follows:(1) Using ultrafiltration-membrane connecting macroporous resin to purify sasanquasaponinsand these methods have the advantages of simple operations, low cost, high degree ofcontinuity and liable industrialization. The operation process of ultrafiltration-membrane:operating pressure is0.1~0.15MPa, sample solution concentration is10g/L, temperature is30℃. Then use reverse osmosis membrane to concentrate after ultrafiltration, the operatingpressure is0.3-0.5MPa, the sample concentration is2g/L, and finally use AB-8macroporousresin to further purify the concentrated liquid, the sasanquasaponins obtained is light in colorand of high content up to95%.(2) Considering the instability of the sasanquasaponins, conducting the alkaline hydrolysisand acid hydrolysis of sasanquasaponins in hope to get stable hydrolyzed products. preferredalkaline hydrolysis conditions are as follows: the amount of alkali is6g per10g saponin, thehydrolysis last for four hours, the hydrolysis temperature is90℃; acid hydrolysis conditionsare as follows: the hydrochloric acid concentration is2mol/L, solution volume is160mL,the hydrolysis last for5hours, the hydrolysis temperature is80℃. Sasanquasaponins hydrolyzed products are lower in polarity, easy to be separated and purified and available formonomer compounds. The structure of sapogenin has been identified by mass spectrometryand NMR technology.(3) This study first pharmacologically researched sasanquasaponins hydrolyzed products, andcompared it with the sasanquasaponins in terms of antihyperlipidemic, analgesic andanti-inflammatory activities. The research shows that some of the sasanquasaponinshydrolyzed products has relatively good pharmacological activities and even better thansasanquasaponins itself. For example, sasanquasaponins alkaline hydrolyzed product is betterthan sasanquasaponins in lowering the activity of total cholesterol; In terms ofanti-inflammatory activity, the acid hydrolyzed product of sasanquasaponins is most efficientin inhibition of ear swelling.(4) This study also researched the anti-free radical activity of sasanquasaponins and itshydrolyzed products, and briefly discussed their active mechanisms. Its mechanism is relatedto the structure of the products, while the lipid-lowering activity is related to anti-free radicalactivity.