A Retrospective Statistical Analysis Of The Orthodontic Treatment Of Patients With Periodontal Disease

With the improvement of people’s living standards and enhancement of self-awareness, more and more adult patients choose orthodontic treatment to improve their appearance and to get more confident smiles. There are many inevitable problems during adult correction, and periodontal disease becomes one of them that troubled doctors. Is there a link between periodontal disease and malocclusion? In this paper, the relative indicators in orthodontic treatment of patients with healthy periodontics and periodontal disease during the past five years were analyzed statistically, including the differences of Angle’s classifications of malocclusion and saggital skeletal patterns. Due to the loss of periodontal tissues, the response to orthodontic force of patients with periodontal disease is different from the healthy ones, and their teeth are limited to long distance movement. Furthermore, a certain degree of dentition defect may exist in the mouth of adult patients suffering from periodontal disease, whether it can affect the orthodontic design of people? Are there any differences of extraction strategy between these two ones? All above were what we wanted to study, with a view to play a guiding role in future research and clinical work for the orthodontic physicians and provide a scientific basis for detailed help.Purpose:To analyze the differences of Angle’s classifications of malocclusion, saggital skeletal patterns, extraction models and the reasons of strategic extraction model during orthodontic treatment between patients with periodontal disease and ones with healthy periodontics.Methods:427cases of patients (90cases with periodontal diseases were included), who were treated by fixed appliance in Department of Orthodontics of stomatology hospital of Shandong University during the2006-2011period, were selected. Data analysis of Angle’s classifications of malocclusion, saggital skeletal patterns, and extraction models were achieved by chi-squared statistic of SPSS16.0and reasons these relevant.Results:1. In the types of malocclusion, periodontal health group were dominated by Angle’s Class I malocclusion (47.5%), yet periodontal diseases group were mainly constitute by Angle’s Class II malocclusion (52.3%), which shows statistically significant differences in composition (P<0.05).2. There is no remarkable correlation between periodontal disease and saggital skeletal pattern (P>0.05).3. The extraction models of moderate and severe periodontal disease group show statistically significant differences with periodontal health group and mild periodontal disease group (P<0.05), but no statistically significant differences were found in extraction models between mild periodontal disease group and periodontal health group (P>0.05).4. The main reason of strategic extraction model in periodontal health group was congenital hypodontia (52.63%), and then was molars caries (22.81%); however the main reason in periodontal diseases group was periodontal tooth loss (33.33%), and then was molars caries (25.93%).Conclusions:In the types of malocclusion, periodontal health group were dominated by Angle’s Class Ⅰ malocclusion, yet periodontal diseases group were mainly constitute by Angle’s Class Ⅱ malocclusion. Strategic extraction model is more suitable to orthodontic patients with moderate to severe periodontal diseases; and the main reason of strategic extraction model in periodontal health and periodontal disease groups was respectively congenital hypodontia and periodontal tooth loss.